Test 2 Nutrition Flashcards
What does nutrition give us
It gives us energy, it grows and repairs are body’s and fights diseases
What is a balances diet
A balanced diet consists of the correct amount of each nutrient. T.here nutritions oar carbohydrates, fats,protein,minerals, vitamins and water
What do carbohydrates give us
They give us quick release of energy and help’s peristalsis. Sugar, starch and fibre are carbohydrates you would find these in ripe fruits and potatoes
What does protein do for us
Protein makes muscle, hair, nails, bones, enzymes and antibodies. You would find protein in meat and nuts
What do fats and oils do
Fats and oils give us insulation and a rich energy source. You would find them in olive oil, butter and salmon
What do vitamins do
Vitamins(c and d) grow and repair cells and absorb calcium for bones. You would find them in citrus fruits and oily fish
What do minerals do
Minerals(iron) to form haemoglobin carry O2 on red blood cells. You would find these in eggs and green vegetables
What does water do
Water makes blood plasma, helps with digestion and helps make cell cytoplasm. You find water in water and fruits and vegetables
Name health factors that effect lifestyle and personal behaviour
Diet, exercise and sleep
Name 3 health factors that contribute to our environment
Occupation,climate and education
Name 3 inherent health factors
Genes, gender and age
Name a explain one single gene disorder
Cystic fibrosis is caused by a recessive gene that causes sticky mucus to be produced in the breathing and digestive system
Name and explain one multi gene disorder
Cancer is a condition where cell division in our body goes out of control and may result in tumours forming. Inherited genes increase the risk of cancer as do environmental factors. Eg. Smoking
What is a food pyramid
The food pyramid is a guide for healthy eating. We should eat more from the top and less from the bottom of the pyramid. The amount of food people need depends on factors such as gender and activity levels
What are energy levels
Energy levels is the energy content of food. It is expressed as kj
What happens if you eat too much food
You become over weight get arthritis and diabetes
What happens if you eat too little food
You are underweight, have a lack of energy and have brittle bones
Why do you need sleep
Sleep helps you concentrate, better mood,greater energy and allows body to recover
Why do people need exercise
You will have a better mind, stronger heart and circulation, more energy, reduced risk of cancers and better weight control
What are microbes
Microbes are tiny living organisms. Eg. Bacteria, fungi and viruses. They are found everywhere. Microganisms have many benefits like decomposes and recycling minerals. They are also really important in food production
Any microbe that causes disease is called
Pathogen
Name 3 things that bacteria cause
Sore throat, pneumonia and tonsillitis
Name 3 things viruses cause
Covid, chicken pox and the common cold
Name 2 things fungi cause
Athletes food and ringworm
What are viruses
Viruses are parasites (can only happen on or in other organisms)
What are antibodies
Our white blood cells produce antibodies which destroy viruses and allow us to over come infections
What are antibiotics
Antibiotics are chemicals made by bacteria or fungi that kill other bacteria. Antibiotics do not work on viruses
Name and explain 4 things that you can do to reduce the risk of infection
- Regular wash hands with warm water and soap
- Vaccination gives immunity against infection
- Cook food properly because it stops food poisoning
- Have a healthy immune system-balanced diet-regular exercise-enough sleep
