Second Year Test 1 Flashcards
What does reproduction mean
It means the producing of new living things
What is asexual
Asexual is where it only involves one person and all the offspring are genetically identical
What is sexual
It involves two people. It is the fussing together of a male and female sale to form a zygote. These offspring are not genetically identical
What are characteristics
Characteristics are features passed on from parents to offspring eg. Animals: eye colour. Plants: flower colour
What are chromosomes
Chromosomes are thread like structures made of DNA and protein
What are genes
Genes are short sections of DNA located in the chromosome. They control the production of inherited characteristics
What is genotype
A genotype is the type of genes an organism has
What is a phenotype
A phenotype is what the organism looks like
What is biodiversity
Biodiversity means the wide variety of living things.
What are fossils
Fossils are the remains of living things. They are evidence that some living things have been wiped out or changed over time
Define the term evolution
Evolution is the process by which different kinds of living thing’s develop from earlier forms by genetic changes.
Define the term species
Species are a group of living things which can reproduce successfully to produce fertile offspring
What is mutation
Mutation is a change in a gene. These changes allow evolution to occur
What was Darwin’s observation
His observation was that living things produce large numbers of offspring and the environment can only support a limited number of living things
What was Darwin’s hypothesis
His hypothesis was that living things struggle to survive
