Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PHARM > TEST 1 > Flashcards

TEST 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the cytochrome P450 system?

A

group of enzymes that control the concentrations of many endogenous substances and drugs. These enzymes are mainly found in the liver (hepatic microsomal enzymes) and gut.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Seizure med Gabapentin (Neurontin) used for neuropathic pain is an example of?

A

Adjuvants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What neurotransmitter drives the PNS?

Hint: Bind to cholinergic receptors

A

Ach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the cholinergic receptors of the PNS?

A

nicotinic and muscarinic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the key neurotransmitters for the adrenergic receptors?

A

epi and norepi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where are Beta adrenergic receptors located?

A

Beta 1- the ht and kidneys

Beta 2- lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are catecholamines?

A

Epi and NE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What neurotransmitters does the post ganglionic neuron of the SNS release?

A

Catecholamines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where are alpha adrenergic receptors located?

A

Target organ cell of the SNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What neurotransmitter does the pre-ganglionic neuron of the PNS and SNS release?

A

Ach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where are muscarinic receptors located?

A

Parasympathetic organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where are nicotinic receptors located?

A

Post ganglionic neuron of the SNS and PNS; skeletal msl of somatic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

alpha receptors are mostly associated with what?

A

Smooth vascular msl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Drug classes for antihypertensives?

A

beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and thiazides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which class of antihypertensive drugs should be used when a pt is bradycardic?

A

ARBs and ACE inhibitors because they do not affect the HR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is afterload?

A

the resistance the L ventricle must overcome to squeeze the blood out of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Selective dilation of arterioles will affect pre load or after load?

A

After load

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the prototype for vasodilation of the arterioles?

A

Hydralazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Selective dilation of the veins affects pre load or after load?

A

Pre load

20
Q

Which drugs will affect both pre load and after load?

A

prazosin and sodium nitroprusside

21
Q

Which drug vasodilates veins?

A

Nitro

22
Q

If a pt has a HA after taking nitro what should you do?

A

Give them Tylenol or HA medication

23
Q

How does nitro relieve pain of stable angina?

A

decreases cardiac oxygen demands

24
Q

How does nitro relive pain of variant angina?

A

increasing cardiac oxygen supply

25
Q

What is variant angina?

A

coronary artery vasospasms

26
Q

MOA of nitro?

A

converts to nitric oxide (vasodilator)

27
Q

patient education for nitro?

A

check drug expiration; don’t put it in pocket; take nitro holiday (min 8H); take sublingual, topical, sustained release, or translingual spray,

28
Q

What is the contraindication for Nitro?

A

Erectile dysfunction drugs (PDE5 inhibitors)

29
Q

What are the 4 classes of antidysrhythmic drugs?

A
  1. Na+ channel blockers
  2. Beta blockers
  3. K+ channel blockers
  4. Ca2+ channel blockers
30
Q

Which class of antidysrhythmic drugs have the risk of HF and 3rd degree AV block?

A

Ca2+ channel and beta blockers

31
Q

Someone with impaired liver function should limit Acetaminophen dose to?

A

2g/day

32
Q

A healthy person can take max of how much acetaminophen?

A

4g/day

33
Q

Which anticoagulant can be given during pregnancy?

A

Heparin

34
Q

Routes for iron meds?

A

IM, IV, PO

35
Q

Routes for vitamin B12?

A

PO, subQ, IM, and intranasal

36
Q

Routes for folic acid?

A

PO, SubQ, IV, and IM

37
Q

Adverse effects of iron meds?

A

GI upset; allergic rxn from IV administration

38
Q

When giving IV iron what should we consider?

A

Giving a slow infusion

39
Q

When should PO iron be given to allow effective absorption?

A

Between meals

40
Q

Why should you use a straw when taking liquid iron?

A

it can stain teeth

41
Q

What meds should you avoid taking at the same time as iron?

A

Antacids or tetracyclines

42
Q

How do we know iron is working?

A

Reticulocytes should increase in 4-7 days, H/H should increase in a week

43
Q

Precautions when giving children iron meds?

A

Iron poisoning can be fatal and requires rapid tx

44
Q

High risk patients taking iron?

A

UC and PUD

45
Q

What is a pro drug?

A

It is inactive until it gets metabolized by the liver

PHARM (35 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions