P2-Final Flashcards
Symptoms of digoxin toxicity
nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and fatigue, yellow-tinged vision
Symptoms of salicylism toxicity
sweating, headache, and dizziness, tinnitus
AE of Clonidine
severe hypotension, rebound HTN, bradycardia
Pre-medication for Ketamine
Sedative-Midazolam/Diazepam
AE of Ketamine
hallucinations, disturbing dreams, and delirium
AE of propofol
Respiratory depression and hypotension
Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
fever, nausea, arthralgia, RASH and hematologic disorders (agranulosis, hemolytic anemia, macrocytic anemia).
Spironolactone (Aldactone) side effects
hyperkalemia, hirsutism, impotence, gynecomastia, menstrual irregularities, deepening of the voice
AE of amiodarone (Cordarone)
pulmonary toxicity, cardiotoxicity, thyroid toxicity, liver toxicity, ophthalmic effects, toxic in pregnancy, dermatologic toxicity, CNS, GI
AE of Losartan
angioedema, fetal harm, renal failure
Effects of Digoxin on ECG
delays AV conduction (prolongs PR interval, QT interval shortened, ST depression, and T wave inversion)
Nursing interventions for signs of extravasation
stop administration of IV fluids immediately, disconnect the IV tube from the cannula, aspirate any remaining drug from the cannula, administer drug-specific antidote, and notify the physician.
Effects on the heart and AE of IV amiodarone
slows down AV conduction.
AE: hypotension and brady-dysrhythmias. Can produce phlebitis.
Inducers of CYP3A4
glucocorticoids, barbiturates, carbamazepine,
phenytoin, rifampin
Inhibitors of CYP3A4
grapefruit juice, erythromycin,
clarithromycin, and verapamil
Malignant hyperthermia triggers
isoflurane & succinylcholine
early symptoms of malignant hyperthermia
hypercapnia, tachycardia, tachypnea, and increased muscle rigidity
Examples of immunosupressants
calcineurin inhibitors (cyclosporine: Sandimmune, Gengraf, Neoral; tacrolimus: Prograf, Astagraf XL); mTOR inhibitors (sirolimus (Rapamune); glucocorticoids such as prednisone (PO version), methylprednisolone (IV version); cytotoxic drugs (azathioprine (Imuran); cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, mitoxantrone, mycophenolate mofetil (CellCept)); Antibodies such as basiliximab (Simulect).
Patient teaching for immunosuppressants
- Need for lab monitoring
- use contraceptives until drug is discontinued
- do not take other meds including OTC
- Take med in the same way, same time everyday
- Proper hygiene for infection control
- Avoid exposure to sun d/t increase in skin cancer
- Notify HCP if experiencing flu like sx
- Fevers may present as low grade
Clopidogrel (Plavix) drug interactions
anything that causes bleeding and PPIs
