Calcium channel blockers

Question 1

Where are calcium channels located?

Answer 1

Vascular smooth msl

Question 2

What happens when calcium goes through the channel?

Answer 2

contraction

Question 3

What are inotropic, chronotropic, and dromotropic drugs?

Answer 3

Drugs that affect contractility, HR, and conduction speeds

Question 4

What are the 2 classifications of CCBs?

Answer 4

Dihydropyridines and orphan drugs

Question 5

What are the 2 groups of orphan drugs?

Answer 5

Phenylalanine (Verapamil) and Benzothiazepine (Diltiazem)

Question 6

MOA of Dihydropyridines?

Answer 6

act primarily on the arterioles (peripheral vascular system)

Question 7

MOA of orphan drugs?

Answer 7

act on arterioles AND the heart

Question 8

What class of CCB is NifeDIPINE?

Answer 8

Dihydropyridine

Question 9

Indications for DIPINES?

Answer 9

HTN or anti-anginals

Question 10

Adverse effects of DIPINES?

Answer 10

Reflex tachycardia, peripheral edema, dizziness, flushing, gingival hyperplasia, HA, bradycardia, heart block, No constipation.

Question 11

Indications for orphan drugs?

Answer 11

angina pectoris, essential HTN, cardiac dysrhythmias

Question 12

MOA of orphan drugs?

Answer 12

affect peripheral and cardiac arterioles; negative inotropic, chronotropic, and dromotropic affect. No reflex tachycardia.

Question 13

Adverse effects of orphan drugs?

Answer 13

constipation, dizziness, facial flushing, bradycardia, HA, edema, sick sinus syndrome, HF, 2nd or 3rd degree AV block

Question 14

What foods and drugs should we stay away from when taking orphan drugs?

Answer 14

Digoxin, beta blockers, and grapefruit juice

Question 15

How is Verapamil metabolized?

Answer 15

It has a significant 1st pass effect, hepatic metabolism

Question 16

How is Diltiazem metabolized?

Answer 16

Peaks within 1hr, renal excretion

Question 17

Which vitals are most important to monitor when taking Orphan drugs?

Answer 17

HR and BP

Question 18

Which vitals are we most concerned about when giving DIPINES?

Answer 18

BP

Question 19

What lab should we asses before administering?

Answer 19

liver and kidney function

Question 20

How should IV CCB for dysrhythmias be given?

Answer 20

Slowly

Question 21

What should we monitor during med administration?

Answer 21

EKG for AV block, bradycardia, or prolonged PR or QT interval

Question 22

MOA of CCBs?

Answer 22

Relaxes the blood vessels by blocking the mvt of calcium

Question 23

Why are sustained release drugs beneficial?

Answer 23

Prevent reflex tachycardia