Diuretics Flashcards

1
Q

Which is the only K+ sparring diuretic?

A

Spironolactone (Aldactone)

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2
Q

Adverse effects of Spironolactone?

A

Hyperkalemia, Gynecomastia, menstrual irregularities, impotence (erectile dysfunction), hirsutism, deepening of the voice

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3
Q

What should we evaluate before administering spironolactone? Labs and assessments

A

K+, Na+, Cl-, weight, BP, HR, respirations, edema if pertinent.

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4
Q

Caution use of spironolactone with…?

A

use of K+ supplements, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and direct renin inhibitor use, salt subs.

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5
Q

Precautions for healthcare provider administering spironolactone?

A

use double gloves d/t potential to cause reproductive harm (menstrual irregularities or impotence)

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6
Q

Best time to take spironolactone?

A

with meals OR after meals if GI upset occurs

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7
Q

Labs to monitor w/ spironolactone?

A

K+

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8
Q

Which class of drug is also prescribed for HTN?

A

Thiazides. Ex: Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)

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9
Q

What to check before administering HCTZ?

A

weight, VS, Na, Cl, K levels

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10
Q

At risk patients taking HCTZ?

A

CV disease, renal impairment, DM, hx of gout, Digoxin use, Lithium, or antihypertensive use.

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11
Q

Route for thiazides?

A

PO; with or after food to avoid GI upset

Also IV route

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12
Q

Best time of day to take thiazides?

A

early in the day to avoid nocturia

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13
Q

Adverse effects of HCTZ?

A

hyponatremia, hypochloremia, dehydration, hypokalemia, hypotension, hyperglycemia, and hyperuricemia.

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14
Q

Which diuretics will cause the greatest urine excretion?

A

Loop diuretics Ex: Furosemide (Lasix)

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15
Q

Purpose of Lasix?

A

Fluid removal

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16
Q

What to check before administering Lasix?

A

weight, Na, Cl, K, and lung sounds

17
Q

At risk patients taking Lasix?

A

CV disease, renal impairment, DM, hx of gout, pregnant, Digoxin use, Lithium, ototoxicity drugs, NSAIDs, or antihypertensive drugs

18
Q

Why give Lasix with slow infusion?

A

Risk of ototoxicity

19
Q

Adverse effects of Lasix?

A

Same as thiazides without hypotension

20
Q

Which drugs can be taken for the tx of HTN and edema?

A

HCTZ and spironolactone