Diuretics Flashcards
Which is the only K+ sparring diuretic?
Spironolactone (Aldactone)
Adverse effects of Spironolactone?
Hyperkalemia, Gynecomastia, menstrual irregularities, impotence (erectile dysfunction), hirsutism, deepening of the voice
What should we evaluate before administering spironolactone? Labs and assessments
K+, Na+, Cl-, weight, BP, HR, respirations, edema if pertinent.
Caution use of spironolactone with…?
use of K+ supplements, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and direct renin inhibitor use, salt subs.
Precautions for healthcare provider administering spironolactone?
use double gloves d/t potential to cause reproductive harm (menstrual irregularities or impotence)
Best time to take spironolactone?
with meals OR after meals if GI upset occurs
Labs to monitor w/ spironolactone?
K+
Which class of drug is also prescribed for HTN?
Thiazides. Ex: Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)
What to check before administering HCTZ?
weight, VS, Na, Cl, K levels
At risk patients taking HCTZ?
CV disease, renal impairment, DM, hx of gout, Digoxin use, Lithium, or antihypertensive use.
Route for thiazides?
PO; with or after food to avoid GI upset
Also IV route
Best time of day to take thiazides?
early in the day to avoid nocturia
Adverse effects of HCTZ?
hyponatremia, hypochloremia, dehydration, hypokalemia, hypotension, hyperglycemia, and hyperuricemia.
Which diuretics will cause the greatest urine excretion?
Loop diuretics Ex: Furosemide (Lasix)
Purpose of Lasix?
Fluid removal
What to check before administering Lasix?
weight, Na, Cl, K, and lung sounds
At risk patients taking Lasix?
CV disease, renal impairment, DM, hx of gout, pregnant, Digoxin use, Lithium, ototoxicity drugs, NSAIDs, or antihypertensive drugs
Why give Lasix with slow infusion?
Risk of ototoxicity
Adverse effects of Lasix?
Same as thiazides without hypotension
Which drugs can be taken for the tx of HTN and edema?
HCTZ and spironolactone
