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IM3 > Tb > Flashcards

Tb Flashcards

1
Q

What are signs and symptoms of Tb

A

Fatigue
Weakness
Anorexia
Wt less
Night sweats
Low grade fever
Adenopathy
Malaise
Anxiety
Crackles
Diminished breath sounds
Hempotysis
Chest pain
productive cough

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2
Q

Tb is the leading cause of death in which immunocompromised pts

A

HIV/AIDES pts

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3
Q

How is TB spread

A

Airborne droplets

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4
Q

How long can TB be suspended in the air

A

For hours

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5
Q

What is required for transmission of TB

A

Close, frequent, or prolonged exposure

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6
Q

Who/what are at risk/have risk factors for TB

A

Homeless
Residents of inner-city neighborhoods
Foreign-born persons
Living or workin in healthcare institutions
IV drug users
Poverty, poor access to healthcare
Immunosuppression
Asian decent

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7
Q

What test do we do to determine if pt has TB

A

The Mantoux skin test

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8
Q

When doing the TB skin test, when should a pt come back after having the intradermal injection

A

48-72 hrs

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9
Q

If pt is immunocompromised how big does the Mantoux skin bump need to be for a positive TB result

A

greater than 5mm

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10
Q

What size should the skin test bump be for a pt who is at high risk for having TB

A

Greater than 10mm

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11
Q

If the pt is not high risk or immunocompromised, how big should the bump be for a positive TB skin test result

A

greater than 15mm

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12
Q

After a positive skin chest, what another diagnostic tool has to be done to confirm TB

A

A chest X-ray

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13
Q

What is the definitive way to diagnose TB

A

A sputum culture

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14
Q

When should we collect the sputum culture

A

In AM before eating or drinking

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15
Q

What should a pt rinse their mouth with doff doing sputum culture

A

Water

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16
Q

What if pt is on antibiotics when sputum is taken

A

Write what antibiotics pt is on and label accurately for lab

17
Q

How long is pt infectious with a + sputum culture after starting treatment

A

2-3 weeks

18
Q

How long does TB treatment typically take

A

6-9 mnths

19
Q

What should we make sure the pt does not have a hx of

A

Hx of liver problems or disease

20
Q

What beverage should Tb pts avoid

A

Alcohol

21
Q

What s/s of liver complication should we teach a Tb pt

A

Loss of appetite
Fatigue
Malaise
Jaundice
Dark urine
Unusual abdominal symps

22
Q

Should a pt stop taking Tb meds abruptly

A

No!

23
Q

What masks should staff wear when pt is + for Tb

A

N-95

24
Q

What type of air pressure should their be in the room of a + tb pt

A

Negative air pressure room

25
Q

When a + Tb pt leaves the room to go somewhere, what does staff need to place on pt

A

A surgical mask

26
Q

What are first line TB drugs

A

isoniazid
Rifampin
Ethmbutol
Pyranzinamide

27
Q

What can isoniazid cause that is severe and sometimes fatal

A

Hepatitis

28
Q

what should we watch to prevent sever and fatal hepatitis

A

Liver enzymes

29
Q

What are all TB meds

A

Hepatotoxic

30
Q

How many drugs will a TB pt take

A

Usually 2

31
Q

Why will a tb pt take two tb drugs

A

To prevent them from getting a multi resistant organism

32
Q

What should we monitor when a pt takes rifampin

A

Liver function

33
Q

What should we tell pt to report when they’re taking rifampin

A

Abd pain
Fatigue
Yellowing of skin and eyes
Warn pt that body fluids may turn reddish orange which can stain soft lens contacts
Can interfere with birth control

34
Q

What are adverse effects of rifampin

A

Hepatotoxicity
Anaphylaxis
Nephrotoxicity
Renal failure
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Easy bleeding, slow clotting (report this to HCP)

35
Q

When pyrazinamide is combined with rifampin what toxicity chance is increased

A

Liver toxicity

36
Q

What disease should we ask a pt to watch for s/s of

A

Gout

37
Q

What should people taking pyrazinamide be cautious about

A

Sensitivity

38
Q

If a pt is taking ethmbutol, what changes in their body do they need to notify us about

A

Visual changes
Neuropathy

39
Q

If you have the BCG vaccine what can happen when you have a skin TB test

A

It can result in a false positive

IM3 (47 decks)

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