Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ICC1 > tachyarrhythmias and brady > Flashcards

tachyarrhythmias and brady Flashcards

1
Q

what are the two types of arrhythmias ?

A

bradycardia : below 60
tachycardia : above 100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are tachycardias subdivided into ?

A

supraventricular tachycardia
ventricular tachycardias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the difference in presentation in ECG between supra ventricular and ventricular arrhythmia ?

A

1- supra ventricular which arise from the atrium or the AV node have a narrow QRS complex
2- ventricular have a wide QRS complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the physiological causes of sinus tachycardia ?

A

APE
anxiety
pain
pregnancy
exercise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the pathological causes of sinus tachycardia ?

A

FADI
fever
anemia
dehydration
increased thyroid activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what drugs cause sinus tachycardia ?

A

adrenaline
beta 2 agonists
caffeine
theophylline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the physiological causes of sinus bradycardia ?

A

athletes
sleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

why does a fib happen ?

A

presence of an ectopic focus coming from thee pulmonary veins
so no mechanical contraction of the atrias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the most important causes of Atrial fibrillation ?

A

hypertension
heart failure
hyperthyroidism
valvular heart disease ( MS )
cardiac surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the ECG findings associated with atrial fibrillation ?

A

absent p waves
narrow qrs complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the management of haemodynamically unstable patient with atrial fibrillation ?

A

DC cardioversion preceded by anticoagulant ( heparin )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the management of a haemodynamically stable patient with AF ?

A

offer rate control plus oral anticoagulant
IV BCD ( beta blocker calcium channel blocker and digoxin )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

when should rhythm control be offered in the management of AF ?

A

if the cause of AF is reversible
if rate control is not working
new onset AF
symptomatic despite rate control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the measures for rhythmn control in AF patients ?

A

if the patient has structural cardiac abnormalities give amiodarone
in the absence of cardiac structural abnormalities give propafenone of flecainide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the measures that should be taken when giving oral antic-coagulants in the management of AF ?

A

if the patient has MS or a metallic valve give warfarin
if not give OAC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is an example of an OAC ?

A

dabigatran ( direct thrombin inhibitor )
rivaroxaban ( direct factor ten inhibitor )

17
Q

which agent should be avoided to reduce stroke risk ?

A

anti platelets

18
Q

if the patient cannot take anticoagulation what is the next best step in management ?

A

left arterial appendage occlusion LAAO

19
Q

what is the management for any acute arrhythmia in a haemodynamically unstable patient ?

A

synchronised DC cardioversion

20
Q

what is the management of atrial flutter ?

A

the same as atrial fibrillation

21
Q

what is the management of SVT in a haemodynamically stable patient ?

A

adenosine
beta blocker
calcium channel blocker

22
Q

what is the management of VT in a haemodynamically stable patient ?

A

amiodarone

23
Q

what is the long term management of SVT , VT and VF ?

A

SVT - oral AAD , ablation

VT - oral AAD (amiodarone) , ICD

VF- oral AAD ( amiodarone ), ICD

24
Q

what is first degree heart block ?

A

prolonged electrical conduction in the AV node
causes prolonged PR interval only

25
Q

what are the types of second degree heart block ?

A

mobitz type 1 - wekenback
mobitz type 2

26
Q

what are the features of mobitz type 1 vs mobitz type 2 ?

A

type 1 - progressively prolonged PR intervals, then a dropped PR interval
type 2 - no progressive prolongation , all or nothing
normal PR then suddenly a dropped beat

27
Q

where is the block in mobitz type 1 vs mobitz type 2 ?

A

type 1 - AV node
type 2 - infra nodal level

28
Q

what is the management in mobitz type vs type 2 ?

A

type 1 - just monitoring
type 2 - pace maker

29
Q

what is type 3 mobitz ?

A

complete heart block - atria contract alone and ventricles contract alone
AV dissociation

30
Q

what is the treatment for symptomatic second degree or third degree HB ?

A

correct underlying etiology
IIV atropine
temporary pacemaker
permanency pacemaker

31
Q

how can wee identify bundle branch blocks ?

A

according to the shape of the QRS complex

32
Q

what are the ECG changes seen in RBBB vs LBBB ?

A

RBBB - V1 is a M , V6 is normal
LBBB - V1 is a W , V6 is an M

ICC1 (50 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions