extra-pulmonary TB Flashcards
how ddoes extra-pulmonary Tb happen ?
through hematogenous dissemination
infection extending directly from nearby organ
when does miliary TB happen ?
after primary infection nor
after reactivation of a latent focus
which organs are more commonly affected when it comes to miliary TB ?
lungs and bone marrow
miliary tb is common in what age group and what type of patients ?
immunocompromised
children
elderly
what may intermittent dissemination of tubercle bacilli lead to ?
fever of unknown origin
what are the results of the involvement off the bone marrow in miliary TB ?
anaemia
thrombocytopenia
leukemoid reaction ( increased WBC )
what can TB meningitis be prevented by ?
childhood vaccination with BCG
what specific signs are found to be positive in TB meningitis ?
kernig sign
brudzinski sign
what is the progression of conscious level in TB ?
conscious with abnormal CSF
drowsiness or stupor with neurologic signs
coma
what does the presence of focal neurological signs in a patient with TB meningitis suggest ?
tuberculoma
what is the presentation of genitourinary TB in men ?
may manifest as pyelonephritis
enlarged scrotal mass
what is the presentation of genitourinary TB in women ?
chronic pelvic pain
anterior thigh abscess
sterility
ectopic pregnancy
what type of patients are more associated with TB peritonitis ?
alcoholics with cirrhosis
what are the symptoms of TB pericarditis ?
fever
pleuritic and positional chest pain
pericardial friction rub
pericardial tamponade may occur
which lymph nodes are commonly affected when it comes to TB lymphadenitis ?
posterior cervical
supraclavicular chains
what is the complication that may occur in TB lymphadenitis ?
formation of fistula
what are the cutaneous forms of tuberculosis ?
1- lupus vulgaris
2- tuberculosis verrucosa cutis - prosector’s ward
where is lupus vulgaris seen ?
on the face of a sensitized patient
what is Tb of the spine ?
pott’s disease
what is the causative organism in GIT TB ?
M bovis
what is the presentation of GIT TB ?
ulcers of the mouth and the oropharynx may form
pain, diarrhoea, obstruction, and haematochezia.
what does GIT TB mimic ?
acute appendicitis
if there aren’t enough organisms for the culture what test should be used instead ?
NAAT PCR
what CSF finding is associated with TB ?
glucose level less than 50%
elevated protein levels
ADA cut off level of 8 differentiates TB meningitis from other causes of lymphocytic meningitis
