interstitial lung disease LGW Flashcards
what is sarcoidosis ?
a systemic disease of unknown cause characterized by non-caseating granuloma
which race is sarcoidosis more commonly seen in ?
afro caribbeans
which presentation inn sarcoidosis is responsible for a positive d’espine sign ?
hilar and left paratracheal adenopathy
what does the acute presentation of sarcoidosis look like ?
Lofgrens syndrome
Heerford-waldenstrom’s syndrome
what is the initial modality of staging and what can be used foe the assessment of parenchymal involvement ?
chest x ray for initial modality
HRCT for parenchymal involvement
HRCT
what are the four stagings or presentation in radiology of sarcoidosis ?
bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy+ pulmonary disease
only pulmonary disease
irreversible fibrosis+honeycombing
what are the characteristic lab findings in sarcoidosis ?
hypercalcaemia
hypercalciuria
increased ACE levels
what is the diagnostic levels of lymphocytosis in the BAL of sarcoidosis ?
CD4:CD8 ratio > 2.5 is diagnostic
how do we take a biopsy inn sarcoidosis ?
trans-bronchial biopsy
what is the CD4:CD8 ratio in hypersensitivity pneumonitis ?
less than 0.9
what is the first line treatment for sarcoidosis ?
prednisolone
immunosuppression
how do we make a definitive diagnosis of sarcoidosis ?
biopsy showing a non-caseating granuloma
what is lofgren syndrome ?
fever
arthralgia
erythema nodosum
bilateral hilar adenopathy
what is heerford-waldenstrom’s syndrome ?
anterior uveitis
fever
parotid enlargement
facial palsy
what does the lung function in sarcoidosis show ?
restrictive lung defects with reduced gas transfer
