Synaptic transmission

Question 1

Step 1 of synaptic transmission

Answer 1

The action potential reaches the terminal button

Question 2

Step 2 of synaptic transmission

Answer 2

The AP triggers the opening of calcium channels. Calcium has a higher concentration/more positive outside the cell, so it flows inside the cell

Question 3

Step 3 of synaptic transmission

Answer 3

Calcium inside the cell binds to a protein on the membrane

Question 4

Step 4 of synaptic transmission

Answer 4

Synaptic vesicle docked on the membrane is bound by calcium

Question 5

Step 5 of synaptic transmission

Answer 5

Synaptic vesicle fuses with the membrane temporarily, forming a fusion pore

Question 6

Step 6 of synaptic transmission

Answer 6

Neurotransmitters leave the terminal button into the synapse

Question 7

Step 7a of synaptic transmission

Answer 7

Vesicle reforms and reenters the cell to be reloaded and recycled with more neurotransmitters

Question 8

Step 7b of synaptic transmission

Answer 8

Neurotransmitters attach to postsynaptic neuron

Question 9

Reuptake

Answer 9

Neurotransmitter transporters on terminal buttons move remaining neurotransmitters back into the presynaptic cell

Question 10

Enzymatic deactivation

Answer 10

Enzyme breaks down the neurotransmitter to reuse compounds

Question 11

Autoreceptors

Answer 11

A built-in break system of the presynaptic cell

Question 12

Ionotropic receptors

Answer 12

direct, activates channel. Advantage: fast and important for sensory neruons

Question 13

Metabotropic receptors

Answer 13

indirect, activates g- proteins. Advantage: travels far so it can open more than one channel

Question 14

Excitatory signals

Answer 14

Increase likelihood of postsynaptic potential and depolarizes the cell. Makes it more likely to fire an AP. (makes it more positive)

Question 15

Inhibitory signals

Answer 15

Decrease the likeihood of postsynaptic potential and hyperpolarizes the cell. Less likely to fire an AP (makes it more negative)