Action potentials

Question 1

action potential

Answer 1

electrochemical process used to send a message down the neuron

Question 2

Ions

Answer 2

dissolved compounds in water that break into individual atoms

Question 3

diffusion

Answer 3

random motion where ions move from high to low concentrations

Question 4

electrostatic pressure

Answer 4

ions push and pull other atoms because of their electrical charge

Question 5

sodium potassium pump (5 things)

Answer 5

works for long term maintenance, pumps 3 sodium out and 2 potassium in, keeps inside negative and outside positive, uses lots of energy

Question 6

Where do action potentials begin?

Answer 6

axon hillock

Question 7

Ion channels

Answer 7

open channels are ion-specific and allow for free transport (passive process)

Question 8

Voltage-gated ion channels

Answer 8

electrical signals inside a cell that allow certain channels to open

Question 9

resting mv of an action potential

Answer 9

-70mv

Question 10

depolarization mv of an action potential

Answer 10

+40 mv

Question 11

refractory mv

Answer 11

+80mv

Question 12

Threshold of excitation

Answer 12

set point for depolarization to trigger the action potential (-62mv)

Question 13

absolute refractory period

Answer 13

a period where an action potential will not happen

Question 14

relative refractory period

Answer 14

a period where an action potential could happen, but is unlikely to do so

Question 15

What kind of event is an action potential

Answer 15

an all or none event

Question 16

Step 1 of an action potential

Answer 16

Sodium channels open and sodium enters the cell and depolarizes it

Question 17

Step 2 of an action potential

Answer 17

Potassium channels open and potassium enters the cell

Question 18

Step 3 of an action potential

Answer 18

Sodium channels close but potassium channels remain open

Question 19

Step 4 of an action potential

Answer 19

Potassium continues to leave the cell and repolarizes the membrane

Question 20

Step 5 of an action potential

Answer 20

Potassium channels close (absolute refractory period)

Question 21

Step 6 of an action potential

Answer 21

Relative refractory period