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Phys Psych > Somatosenses > Flashcards

Somatosenses Flashcards

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1
Q

Somatosenses

A

provide info about what is happening on our body surface and insides

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2
Q

Cutaneous

A

skin senses; pressure, vibration, heating, cooling, tissue damage, pain

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3
Q

Proprioception

A

body’s posture

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4
Q

kinesthesia

A

body’s movement; receptors in joints and muscle length receptors

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5
Q

Organis senses

A

arise from receptors within inner organs; digestive system

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6
Q

epidermis

A

outermost layer of skin, hairy and glabrous skin

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7
Q

dermis

A

contains tough connective tissue, sweat glands, hair follicles

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8
Q

mechanoreceptors

A

vibration and touch sensitive

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9
Q

Mech: touch sensitive

A

merkel’s disks ane messiners corpuscles

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10
Q

Mech: vibration sensitive

A

ruffni corpuscles, pacinian corpsules

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11
Q

Touch

A

detected by mechanoreceptors, detection causes movement of dendrites which causes ion channels to open, flow of ions causes a change in membrane potential

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12
Q

temperature

A

warmth: deeply in skin. coolness: just beneath epidermis

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13
Q

pain

A

perception is accomplished by networks of free nerve endings in the skin

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14
Q

3 types of nociceptors

A

high threshold, TRPV1, and TRPA 1

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15
Q

high-threshold receptors

A

respond to intense pressure (pinch)

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16
Q

TRPV1 receptors

A

sensitive to heat, acids and presence of capsaicin

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17
Q

TRPA1 receptors

A

sensitive to pungent irritants

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18
Q

primary somatosensory cortex

A

receives body sense information; has a somatotopic arrangement

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19
Q

Info from nerves pathway

A

medulla, medial lemniscus, central posterior nucleus of thalamus, primary somatosensory cortex, association cortex

20
Q

Dorsal column

A

carries touch and kinesthesia information

21
Q

spinothalamic tract

A

carries pain and temperature information

22
Q

3 components of pain

A

sensory (pure perception), immediate emotional (unpleasantness), and long term emotional ( the treat to well being)

23
Q

Pain: Brain: sensory

A

spinal cord, ventral posterolateral thalamus, primary and secondary somatosensory cortex

24
Q

Pain: brain: immediate emotional

A

mediated by pathways that reach the anterior cingulate cortex and the insular cortex

25
Q

Pain: brain: longterm emotional

A

mediated by pathways that reach the prefrontal cortex

26
Q

Somatosensory agnosia

A

caused by large lesions to parietal cortex

27
Q

astereognosia

A

loss of ability to recognize objects by touch

28
Q

asomatognoisa

A

loss of ability to recognize parts of ones own body

29
Q

gustation

A

perception of taste

30
Q

taste

A

sensation of different components of food

31
Q

flavor

A

combination of taste and smell

32
Q

5 qualities of taste

A

bitterness, sourness, sweetness, saltiness, and umami

33
Q

how many taste buds do we have

A

10,000

34
Q

how many receptors per tastebud?

A

20-50`

35
Q

perception of taste

A

the tasted molecule binds to a receptor and changes the permeability of the membrane that cause receptor potentials; different molecules bind to different receptors producing different tastes

36
Q

what is the stimuli for saltiness

A

sodium

37
Q

what is the stimuli for sourness

A

hydrogen ions

38
Q

what is the stimuli for sweetness

A

glucose/fructose

39
Q

what is the stimuli for bitterness

A

plant alkaloids

40
Q

what is the stimuli for umami

A

glutamate

41
Q

taste neural pathway

A

gustatory receptors, medulla, ventral posteromedial thalamic nucleus, primary gustatory cortex, gustatory association cortex

42
Q

taste is

A

ipsilateral

43
Q

olfaction

A

helps us identify foods that are bad

44
Q

where do olfactory receptor cells lie

A

the olfactory epithelium at the top of the nasal cavity

45
Q

olfactory processing

A

olfactory receptors are bipolar neurons whose cell bodies lie within the bone at the base of the rostral part of the brain
each receptor sends a single axon to the olfactory bulb and forms synapses with mitral cells
the axons travel to the rest of the brain through olfactory tracks
axons project onto the amygdala, primary o cortex, and entorhinal cortex

46
Q

Main neural pathways

A

olfactory tract to amygdala to the hypothalamus,
olfactory tract to primary olfactory cortex to hypothalamus and orbitofrontal cortex,
olfactory tract to entorhinal cortex to hippocampus

47
Q

transduction of olfaction

A

molecules bind to o receptors, g proteins open sodium channels and produce depolarizing receptor potentials, humans can recognize up to 10,000 smells from only 339 receptors

Phys Psych (21 decks)

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