Superpowers - EQ1 - Soft Power 30 Flashcards
What is the soft power 30
- In 2019, a report was produced which showed the 30 most influential countries based on their ‘soft’ power
What was the UK’s soft 30 rankings in 2016 & 2019
- 2019 - 2nd - 79.47
- 2016 - 2nd - 75.97
What was the USA’s soft 30 rankings in 2016 & 2019
- 2019 - 5th - 77.40
- 2016 - 1st - 77.96
What was France’s soft 30 rankings in 2016 & 2019
- 2019 - 1st - 80.28
- 2016 - 5th - 72.14
What was Japan’s soft 30 rankings in 2016 & 2019
- 2019 - 8th - 75.71
- 2016 - 7th - 67.78
What are the human charcteristics from which France’s geopolitical power stems from
- rich history of cultural, political & economic influence
- dominant colonial power of 80 colonies
- strong & diverse economy
- member of G7 groups –> provides leverage in global affairs
What are the human charcteristics from which Japan’s geopolitical power stems from
- 3rd largest economy
- GDP $4.25 billion
- economic power provides investment capabilities
- finanical stability enhancing its geopolitical power & influence
- Japans technological advancements
What are the human charcteristics from which the UK’s geopolitical power stems from
- major institutes like the BBC World Service & British Council retains the ability to drive global action via membership of international organisation like the UN security council & Commonwealth & NATO
What are the human charcteristics from which the USA’s geopolitical power stems from
- 1.4 million active military personnel
- GDP per capita $76,330
- Unemployment rate of 3.9%
What are the physical charcteristics from which France’s geopolitical power stems from
- borders 8 countries facilitating trade & connectivity
- natural resources abundant - coal, iron, uranium
- coastline - access to maritime traderoutes
- energy secure –> nuclear power, geopolitical influence
What are the physical charcteristics from which Japan’s geopolitical power stems from
- very mountainous - 3/4 of its land –> military advantage
- vast fising resources bordering the Pacific Ocean
What are the physical charcteristics from which the UK’s geopolitical power stems from
- island with easy accessibility & established infrastructure,
What are the physical charcteristics from which the USA’s geopolitical power stems from
- tropical climate & in some
- 60% of electricity is from fossil fuels
- high vegetation
- 21% from renewable sources
What characteristics have helped place France as 1st in 2019
- strong presidential leadership admist wider geopolitical uncertainity e.g rising fuel prices
- French culture continues amass enormous global appeal
What characteristics have helped place Japan as 8th in 2019
- hosted the G20 summit in 2019 discussing financial issues
- 2019 Rugby wold cup
- strong performances in engagement & culture sub-indicies
What characteristics have helped place the UK as 2nd in 2019
- despite Brexit the Uk continues to perform well across engagement, culture, education & digital sub indicies
- UK tech companies secured record high foreign investments & has many companies thriving in fiercely competitive markets
- Govt has been pushing ‘global Britain’ narrative aggressively in response to claims of a more inward looking post Brexit Britain
What characteristics have helped place the USA as 5th in 2019
- most dominant in culture, education & capital
- more top ranked unis than any other country
- hosts the most international students
- tech based innovation & digital diplomacy
What are examples of France exerting hard power
- most successful military power in Europe
- military alliances - NATO & EU
- 8th largest defence budget
What are examples of Japan exerting hard power
- alliance between Japan, China & NK after WW2
- approx 250,000 military personnel
- revise the ban on collective self-defense, which goes hand in hand with reassessing arms exports, new partnerships, and counterterrorism policies
- provide $200 million of non-lethal humanitarian aid to countries fighting ISIS
What are examples of the UK exerting hard power
- member of NATO
- £22 billion generated in defence annually
- military action with Iraq war & Afghanistan
- shipment of missiles to Ukraine
What are examples of the USA exerting hard power
- member of NATO & OAS
- Japan & US security treaty
- hrad power policy with Iraq & Afghanistan
What are examples of France exerting soft power
- extensive diplomatic reach
- rich cultural offering - 1st in soft power 30
- global media & film industry
- strong international statemanship of President Macron
What are examples of Japan exerting soft power
- state monitored broadcasting introduced in 1939 & regular in 1950
- core value of the elderly & resilience ppropaganda
- 80% of people follow shinto rituals
- TNCs like toyota & panasonic
What are examples of the UK exerting soft power
- top unis - 2nd largest n. of international students
- british art, film, music & sport continue to hold enormous global appeal
- e.g PL & Harry Potter
What are examples of the USA exerting soft power
- TNCS like apple, walmart & ford motot
- media like Facebook
- values such as individualism, equality, respect & international peace
What was Russia’s soft 30 rankings in 2016 & 2019
- 2019 - 30th
- 2016 - 27th
What was Brazil’s soft 30 rankings in 2016 & 2019
- 2019 - 26th
- 2016 - 24th
What was China’s soft 30 rankings in 2016 & 2019
- 2019 - 27th
- 2016 - 28th
What are the human charcteristics from which France’s geopolitical power stems from
- rich history of cultural, political & economic influence
- strong & diverse economy
- Alliance Francais - promotes French culture & lanuage globally
What are the human charcteristics from which Russia’s geopolitical power stems from
- strong military power
- advanced weaponry
- technologically advanced
What are the human charcteristics from which Brazil’s geopolitical power stems from
- 123 million catholics
- representative democracy
What are the human charcteristics from which China’s geopolitical power stems from
- large population & skilled workforce
- rapid economic growth & technological advancements - 10% a year
What are the physical charcteristics from which Russia’s geopolitical power stems from
- energy superpower - worlds largest natural gas reserves
- 2nd largest coal reserves
- 8th largest oil shale reserves in Europe
What are the physical characteristics from which Brazil’s geopolitical power stems from
- Brazil contains most of the amazon river basin, & extensive rainforest
What are the physical charcteristics from which China’s geopolitical power stems from
- hydroelectric power from Yangtze river
- large territory has many borers
- vast coal reserves - 143.2 billion
What characteristics have helped place the China as 27th in 2019
- rising economic power
- 8th in education - has led global edutech investment since 2015, facilitating 400 million students
- cultural dominance
What characteristics have helped place the Brazil 26th in 2019
- agroculture & commodity powerhouse & supplies soybeans coffee & sugar locally
- unemployment was 9.46%
- 214 million population, prodominantly in primary employment
What characteristics have helped place Russia as 30th in 2019
- 2018 world cup
- one of the largest global diplomatic networks
- global audience do not perceive them as a trustworthy force
- continued disinformation campaign across the west & the middle east
What are examples of Brazil exerting soft power
- leveraged its cultural capital & indigenous heritage through the José Bonifácio Institute and exported Brazilian culture abroad
- Nationwide protests against spending freezes and cuts to higher education emphasise postive initiatives for change
What are examples of Russia exerting soft power
- 50% of TV & media is stateowned
- The Russian Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS) presidency programme for 2012-2013 —> promote trade, ecology, cross-border cooperation, people-to-people contacts and protection of children’s rights,
- exporting Russian traditions of inter-ethic and inter-religious tolerance and multiculturalism
- facilitation of visa regimes
- The Ukrainian crisis, however, has undermined Russia’s soft power efforts in Europe and other regions
What are examples of China exerting soft power
- cultural juggernaut
- media influence - state owned media outlets to dessimate narratives & shape public opinion
- sports tourismm - 2nd highest n. of olympic medals in 2016
What are examples of Russia exerting hard power
- 1 million active personnel of soldiers
- maintains strong relations with Belarus, India China NK & South Africa
- $84 billion military budget
What are examples of China exerting hard power
- 2nd largst military budget
- supports Autoritarian regimes e.g Myanmar
What are examples of Brazil exerting hard power
- active military personnel of 360,000
- G4 member - nations have formed a coalition to advocate for reforms in the United Nations Security Council & strive forpermanent seatson the council
