Structural & Fundamental Org of Resp Sys Flashcards
What is composed of an integrated set of regulated processes that include pulmonary ventilation, gas exchange/transport, regulating blood PH and contains receptors for the sense of smell?
Respiratory system
What are the two parts of the respiratory system?
Upper and lower respiratory system
What consists of the upper respiratory system?
Nose, pharynx and associated structures
What consists of the lower respiratory system?
Larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs
The respiratory zone can be divided into two parts based on function, what are those parts?
Conducting zone
Respiratory zone
The conducting zone consists of what cavities and tubes?
Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and terminal bronchioles
The respiratory zone consists of tissues where gas exchange occurs, which is where?
Bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs and the alveoli
What are the four groups of paranasal sinuses?
Frontal
Maxillary
Sphenoid
Ethmoidal
What is the vertical partition that divides the nasal cavity into right and left sides?
Nasal septum
The basic functions of the nose are what?
Filter, warm and moisten incoming air
Detecting olfactory stimuli
Modify the vibrations of speech sounds
What is the funnel shaped tube that starts at the internal nares and extends partway down the neck?
Pharynx
The pharynx lies _________ in relation to the cervical vertebrae.
Anterior
The pharynx functions as a passage way for?
air and food
What are the three parts of the pharynx?
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
The upper part of the pharynx is known as what?
Nasopharynx
The nasopharynx does what?
Contains the pharyngeal tonsil Exchanges air Receives mucous dust packages Cilia moves dust packages Exchanges small amount of air with auditory tubes
What does the oropharynx do?
Opens into the mouth and nasopharynx
Holds two pairs of tonsils
What does the laryngopharynx do?
Connects with both the esophagus and the larynx
What is a short tube of cartilage lined by mucous membrane that connects the pharynx with the trachea?
Larynx
What vertebrae does the larynx reside in?
C4 to C6
What forms the anterior wall of the larynx, commonly called the Adam’s apple and consists of hyaline cartilage?
Thyroid cartilage
What is the large, leaf-shaped piece of elastic cartilage that is covered with epithelium?
Epiglottis
What is a ring of hyaline cartilage that forms the inferior wall of the larynx and is attached to the first tracheal cartilage?
Cricoid cartilage
What is paired cartilage consisting of mostly hyaline cartilage, attach to the true vocal cords and pharyngeal muscles and have function in voice production?
Arytenoid
What are the two folds, formed by mucous membrane of the larynx, that handle voice production?
Vestibular fold (false cords) Vocal fold (true cords)
What is the function of the vestibular folds?
Hold the breath against pressure in thoracic cavity when you strain to lift
Does not produce sounds
What are the vocal folds responsible for?
Producing sounds during speaking/singing
Contains elastic ligaments stretched between pieces of rigid cartilage
What is the tubular passageway for air that is located anterior to the esophagus?
Trachea
Where does the trachea divide into right and left primary bronchi?
T5
What is the mucous membrane of the trachea composed of?
pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
On average, how many c-shaped rings of hyaline cartilage make up the trachea?
16-20
The open part of the c-shaped cartilage of the trachea faces the ________ and expands slightly during swallowing?
Esophagus
