Stress And Coping

Question 1

What is stress

Answer 1

The human body’s response to change and in its normal state

Question 2

Types of stressors

Answer 2

Internal
External
Physiological
Psychological

Question 3

Internal stressors

Answer 3

Illness
Hormonal change
Fear

Question 4

External stressors

Answer 4

Temperature change
Loud noises
Attacks
Conflicts

Question 5

Physiological stressor types

Answer 5

Chemical agents/ drugs
Physical changes (heat, cold, trauma) 
Infection
Nutritional imbalance 
Immune disorder

Question 6

Physiological stressor

Answer 6

External/ internal condition that changes the homeostasis

Question 7

Psychological stressor

Answer 7

Feeling of emotional stress or pressure

Question 8

Psychological stressor types

Answer 8

Traumatic event
Fear/ victimization
Media exposure
Change in way of living

Question 9

Effects of stress

Answer 9

Change in appetite, activity, sleep level
Is withdrawn/isolated
Aggressive behaviors/blaming others
Lack of control
Increase in P, R, BP
constipation or diarrhea
Dry mouth, headaches
Back ache/stiff neck
Weight gain/loss

Question 10

Affects of long-term stress

Answer 10

Effects physical status
Increased risk for disease or injury
Compromises recovery and return to normal function

Question 11

Sources of stress

Answer 11

Developmental
Situational
Personal

Question 12

Developmental stress

Answer 12

Predictable

Certain task must be resolved to reduce stress

Question 13

Situational stress

Answer 13

Unpredictable- can occur at anytime, at any stage of life

Can be positive or negative

Question 14

Personal factors of stress

Answer 14

Developmental/ life stage
General health (nutrition, sleep, illness)
Mental health
Support system

Question 15

Homeostasis

Answer 15

The mechanism within the body that work to maintain internal balance

Question 16

Adaptation

Answer 16

The change that results from response to a stressor

Question 17

Local adaptation syndrome (LAS)

Answer 17

Localized response of the body to stress
Only involves a specific part of body
Short term

Question 18

General adaptation syndrome (GAS)

Answer 18

Bio chemical model of stress responses that describes the bodies general response to stress

• alarm reaction
• Resistance stage
• exhaustion stage

Question 19

Alarm reaction

Answer 19

Tight when stressor is perceived
Fight or flight
Increase hormonal level
Shocked face- increase energy, alertness, O2, intake, BP
counter shock- reversal of shock phase

Question 20

Resistance stage

Answer 20

Try to adapt
Normalization of VS, hormones, energy production
Become exhausted with serve damage to the body
Stress may be confined to a smaller area (LAS) and regain homeostasis

Question 21

Exhaustion stage

Answer 21

Body attempts to rest to regain balance
Adaptive mechanisms fail/ unable and o resist effects of the stressor
Body may not be able to go back to normal

Question 22

Mind body interaction

Answer 22

Link between psychological stressors and physiology response

Question 23

Anxiety

Answer 23

Vague, uneasy feeling of discomfort or dread
Caused by anticipation of danger/ fear of unknown threat
The most common human response to stress

Question 24

Mild anxiety

Answer 24

Benefits= increased motivation, outcome, alertness
Heightened senses
Facilitated problem-solving
Restlessness and increased questioning

Question 25

Moderate anxiety

Answer 25

Narrowed perceptual field to focus on the immediate concern In attention to other details and communication Quavering voice Tremors Increase muscle tension

Question 26

Severe anxiety

Answer 26

``` Very narrow focus on specific detail All behavior geared toward relief Inability to learn Easily distracted Difficulty communicating verbally Motor activity increased Headache, tachycardia, dizziness ```

Question 27

Panic

Answer 27

``` Loss of control Experience of dread and terror Increased activity, disoriented, decreased rational thoughts Unable to verbally communicate Agitation, trembling Sensory change Sweating, hyperventilating, dyspnea ```

Question 28

Coping mechanisms

Answer 28

Behaviors used to degree stress/anxiety Often learn based on family, past experiences, social culture influences/expectations Used to manage mild to moderate anxiety Unconscious

Question 29

Common types of coping mechanisms

Answer 29

``` Crying, laughing, sleeping, profanity Physical activity Smoking, drinking lack of eye contact Limiting relationships ```

Question 30

Types of maladaptive coping mechanisms

Answer 30

Over use of defensive mechanisms meatiness disorders | Addiction

Question 31

Defense mechanisms

Answer 31

Unconscious reaction to stressors How to protect persons self-esteem and are useful in mild to moderate anxiety Can distort reality and create problems in extreme cases

Question 32

Examples of defense mechanisms

Answer 32

``` Compensation Denial Displacement Projection regression ```

Question 33

Promoting healthy stress response

Answer 33

``` Exercise Rest and sleep Nutrition- reduce salt, sugar, cholesterol Support system/ resource Use of stress management techniques ```

Question 34

Stress management techniques

Answer 34

``` Relaxation Mediation Anticipatory guidance Guided imagery Biofeedback ```