Oxygen Flashcards
Nasal cannula
1-6 L/min
23-42%
Simple mask
6-8 L/min
40-60%
Partial rebreather
8-11 L/min
50-75%
Reservoir bag
Nonrebreather
12 L/min
80-100%
Reservoir bag
Side vents allow air to escape but not come back in
Hypoxia
Inadequate oxygen for cells
Symptoms: dyspnea, elevated BP, increased respiration and pulse, pale & cyanotic, anxiety & restlessness, chest pain
Causes: low hgb, carbon monoxide poisoning, highly altitudes, obstructed airway
Hypoxemia
Decreases oxygen in arterial blood
Symptoms: anxiety & restlessness, inability to concentrate, increased P, R, BP, cardiac dysrhythmia, pulse ox <93, loss of consciousness
Causes: neurological disease, anesthesia or narcotics, respiratory diseases, obstructed airway
Crackles
Heard in lower lung and posterior
On inspiration
Fluid in airway
Wheezes
Heard in upper area
Narrowing/ constriction
Chest retraction
Visible sinking in soft tissue of chest between and around firmer tissue
Sign of respiratory distress
Paradoxical breathing
Asynchronous breathing (chest doesn’t move right during inspiration and expiration
Increased anteroposterior diameter
Barrel chest ( co2 trapped, building barrel chest) COPD
Ventilation
Movement of air in and out of the lungs (inspiration and expiration)
Diffusion
Gas exchange between air in the alveoli and blood in the capillaries
Perfusion
Transportation of gases to tissues
Lung compliance (ventilation)
Degree of elasticity of the lungs
Atelectasis
Collapse of Abiola prevents proper exchange of gases
Inspiration
Inhalation = active phase, Involves movement of muscles and thorax to bring air into the lungs
Expiration
Exhalation- Passive phase, movement of air out of lungs
Hypovolemia
Low blood volume
Hyaline membrane disease
Decrease amount of surfactant produced in premature infants
Tachypnea
More than 20
Bradypnea
Less than 12
Kissmauls respiration’s
Hyperventilating
Ataxic respiration’s
No pattern
Cheyene stokes
Some hyperventilating to no breathing back to hyperventilating
