Sleep Flashcards
Somnambulism
Sleep walking
Cataplexy
Sudden loss of motor tone
Hypnagogic hallucinations
Nightmares
Sleep paralysis
Occurs during transition from wakefulness to sleep
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
Airway is blocked due to collapse
Restless leg syndrome
Creeping, tingling sensation in the legs that increase the desire to move the legs at rest
Contributing factors: iron deficiency, ESRD, pregnancy
Night terrors
Screaming oneself awake due to feelings of being threatened
Bruxism
Teeth grinding
Enuresis
Bed wetting
Narcolepsy
Uncontrollable desire to sleep
Complain of daytime sleepiness, falling asleep during activities, restless sleep
Move directly into REM sleep
Hypersomnia
Excessive sleep, especially during the day
Contributing factors include other sleep disorders drugs, alcohol, head injury, depression, obesity
Insomnia
Difficulty falling asleep, intermittent sleep, early awakening from sleep
Complains of lethargy, feeling tired, irritability And difficulty concentrating
Sleep deprivation
Decreased sleep amount, consistency or quality
Stage 1
Transition between sleep in wakefulness, easy to arouse, involuntary muscle movements
Stage 2
First full stage of sleep, easy to arouse, largest sleep stage 50%
Stage 3
First stage of deep sleep, increasing difficulty to arouse, 10%
Stage 4
Deepest sleep (delta sleep) Difficult to arouse, muscles relaxed, decreased metabolism temperature blood pressure heart rate and respirations, 10%
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep
20 to 25%
Eyes dart back-and-forth
Twitching of small muscles
Immobility/paralysis of large muscles
Increase metabolism &temp, fluctuations in BP, P&R rapid and irregular, Periods of apnea
Likely to Report dreams influence learning memory and adaptation
REM bound
Spend large time in REM when you have not gotten rim sleep in a while
Recommended amount of sleep
7-9 hours for adults
Short sleeper
Someone who sleeps less than six hours a night
Sleep cycle
Occurs in 4 to 5 cycles
90 to 100 minutes
Insomnia nursing interventions
Promote relaxation
Sleep friendly environment dark cool quiet
Avoid naps, stimulating activities after 5 PM
Restrict caffeine, nicotine and alcohol
Light meals before bedtime
Hypersomnia Nursing interventions
Teach to avoid alcohol and caffeine
Avoid night work or late social activities
Sleep attacks
Urge to sleep regardless of activity
Sleep apnea
Absence of breathing or diminished breathing(hypopnea$ During sleep between snoring intervals
Restless leg syndrome nursing interventions
Offer massages Increase activity Eliminate caffeine, tobacco and alcohol Hot/cold therapy Promote relaxation
