stereotyping and being stereotyped Flashcards
stereotype threat theory
when subtlety reminded of stereotypes that suggest incompetence leading to stigmatised groups to keep underperforming
why stereotype threat effects performance
motivated to not conform stereotype. uses same central executive processing to need to perform leading to worse results
-uses working memory
-heightened sense of uncertainty
-more vigilant for evidence of conforming stereotype
-sensitivity to internal states
-negative thoughts bias
preventing stereotyping threat
tell anxiety wont affect performance
individual differences - spontaneous reappraising of emotions
cognitive functions
organise info and predict
cognition more efficient as free up cognitive resources
social categories more stereotyped
race, gender, ethnicity, age, disability
cognitive efficiency study
ppts engage in impression-formation and info-monitoring task.
presented with 4 targets each with 10 traits. half were also given a label which related to a stereotype of half the traits.
also learnt facts about Indonesia
stereotype condition recalled more traits and multiple choice question
same effect showed when presented sublimely
other functions of stereotypes
coalitional alliances - evolutionary advantages of ingroup outgroup
protective- threat-connoting stereotypes activate self-protective responses
Heightened vulnerability an stereotyping
increase prejudice and stereotyping
-sitting in dark room, watching scary movies , reading news of terrorism
Stereotype content model
Fiske et al- perceive along two orthogonal dimensions warmth and competence
HW + HC- positive (admiration)
HW + LC- ambivalent (pity)
LW + HC- ambivalent (envy)
LW + LC- negative (contempt)
sex-age stereotyping
evolutionary attentive to intersections of these dimensions
memory confusion paradigm- confuse individual with both
stereotype short and long term mating goal based on sex and age
creation of stereotypes through language
action described as concrete behaviour and abstract trait
maintanice of stereotypes
linguistic intergroup bias- describe positive ingroup and negative outgroup behaviour more abstractly
stereotype threat and race
when told test for intelligent, indicate race black perform worse
word completion task- stereotype relevant word fragments and self-doubt
stereotype threat and women
adult women underperform in maths and underrepresented in stem
do worse if - told men outperform
stereotype threats and women differences
stigma consciousness higher
higher gender identification
told genetic differences decrease performance whereas experience no effect
