Perception of other people Flashcards

1
Q

Dominant way perceive others and categorise individuals

A

the face

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2
Q

Big three social categories

A

age, race and sex

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3
Q

Perceptually ambiguous social categories

A

better then chance despite no biological markers (Tskhay and Rule
Even when remove parts of the face

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4
Q

immediate vs deliberate ambiguous social categories

A

Preform better when make quick judgements so little effort or awareness better

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5
Q

own group members categoriesation

A

learn statistical regularities
e.g. black - hairstyle and white- iris colour

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6
Q

Categorisation-individuation model

A

memory of in-group vs out-group
attend to facial features which differentiate categories . sometimes individuate others - features that distinguish them so pay attention and better remember them

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7
Q

In- group memory better even with equivalent experience

A

red vs green group still remembered in-group better

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8
Q

Why categorise

A

if do accurate gain info about individual
organise info more efficiently

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9
Q

Consequences of social categorisation

A

how perceive person
remember person
characteristics associated with person
stereotyping

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10
Q

inferences from categorisation

A

attributions of individuals
properties of that social categories
-inferring other member of that categories are also like that
also draw conclusions of how these traits came to be

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11
Q

essentialism

A

categories defined by underlying essence. associated belied difficult to change from one category to another

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12
Q

accuracy of categorisation

A

level of experience with group
motivation to attend to group members

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13
Q

Basic social perception at intuitive level

A

perceiving individuals continuous trait dimensions
perceiving individuals as members of social categories
separate but not mutually exclusive

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14
Q

Thin slicing

A

how quickly trait perception happens, how we form these perceptions and how accurate they are

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15
Q

thin slicing (lecturer study)

A

showed mute 30sec clips to observers which rate along trait dimensions.
correlated strongly with each other and student evaluations

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16
Q

Lecturer study and physical attractiveness

A

effects not based on appearance so were presumably due to nonverbal behaviour

17
Q

Objective outcomes by thin slice

A

better predicted
but unsure if whether accurately inferred or if just treated differently due to inferences leading to these outcomes

18
Q

Nonverbal behaviour and doctor-patient interactions

A

patients- + expressions predict health and longevity
couples - expressions predict relationship dissolutions

doctors- distancing behaviours associated with worse patient outcomes
surgeon seem as more dominance and lower in concern more likely sued for malpractice

19
Q

Perceptions in politics

A

vote for candidates that look more competent
taller tend to receive more support but don’t win sig more elections

20
Q

perceptions on bedrooms

A

Big 5 on bedrooms sig correlation with actual traits. especially openness

21
Q

perceiving traits on social media effected by why use

A

rich get richer hypothesis- extension of offline personality (extravert getting more connections
social compensation hypothesis- compensate for offline personality - introvert act more extraverted online

22
Q

personality traits and online activity

A

Gosling et al - Facebook and big 5
extraversion associated with more friends and activity
observes judge level of extraversion but not other traits

23
Q

Trait perception more accurate when

A

linked to observable traits
individuals being better at judging

24
Q

Social categories

A

allow inferences of additional attributes though these less reliable but treat as if they are

25
Memory confusion paradigm
Shown people and statements assess memory confusions based on spontaneous memory test and see what similar categories people confuse the most
26
Memory confusion paradigm and the big 3
Taylor et al - race and gender Arcuri- age in distinct categories
27
why age and gender social categories
culture- emphasised so conditioned to perceive them Evolutionarily functionality- sex and age help show protentional mates and competitors
28
race not fundamental category
Kurzban et al - race perception by-product of evolution to perceive coalitional alliances easily influenced by other factors
29
race and coalitional alliance memory confusion paradigm
Kurzban et al - sports team and race confuse members of same team more
30
Alternative explanations of race and fundamentality
only able to categories one dimension at a time x - follow up study shows sex an team membership both confused
31
Race, language and accent with children
Race and language -indicator of coalition cues Kinzler et al -white Americans prefer one language, accent and race when choosing friends
32
Race and accent in conflict with children
Prefer black children with American accent so accent more important them race
33
Accent categorisation and memory confusion paradigm
perceivers categorise by accent if accent and visual coalition cues presence then both categorised showing accent provides info beyond coalition
34
scientific basis for essentialism
biological species identified from DNA children show view for species not objects
35
Psychological essentialism
extent people believe this and consequence of beliefs race and gender less so age high essentialised categories
36
Individual differences and essentialist beliefs
race conception scale - associated with racial prejudice and diversity of social networks Gender essentialism scale - associated with exist attitudes and discrimination