Mental control

Question 1

ironic process theory

Answer 1

process that undermine intentional control of mental states are inherent in the exercise of such control. (attempts to influence mental states require monitoring processes that are sensitive to failure of attempts so act against intended control) - conscious monitoring leads to ironic effect

Question 2

mental control arises

Answer 2

due to capacity to reflect on our own mental states and influence their operation

Question 3

what dictates between successful and ironic

Answer 3

availability of metal capacity

Question 4

two processes to get desired mental states

Answer 4

intentional operating process
ironic monitoring process

Question 5

intentional operating process

Answer 5

searches for mental contents that will yield desired effects (activated by monitoring process)

Question 6

ironic monitoring process

Answer 6

searches for mental contents that signal failure to achieve desired state

Question 7

conscious difference between the two processes

Answer 7

operating - effortful and conscious
monitoring- unconscious and autonomous

Question 8

conditions of irony

Answer 8

intention to control
controllability of mental states
balance of processes
range of searches (positive vs negative)

Question 9

suppression paradigm

Answer 9

suppression phase- stream of consciousness either no think white bear or dm white bear. if think white bear hit bell
expression phase- stream of consciousness but not instructions. PSRE - don’t condition still think about bear more.

Question 10

Common ironic effects

Answer 10

mood control
intentional relaxation
pain control (distraction vs attention) (short vs long)
sleep and wakefulness
intentional belief and disbelief
self-presentation
control of prejudice (sexism study)
movement

Question 11

suppression vs repression

Answer 11

conscious vs unconscious

Question 12

Ironic post-suppression rebound effect

Answer 12

after trying to supress thoughts actually end up thinking about it more

Question 13

Communication inhibition study

Answer 13

heterosexual undergrads either told to pretend have relationship or secret relationship (via footsy game) rebound effect- those in secret rated other yoke partner as more attractive (Wegner et al)

Question 14

emotional inhibition

Answer 14

Wegner et al suppression of emotion causes its to rebound later

Question 15

Craving inhibition

Answer 15

dieters and smoker more likely to think if told supress

Question 16

Distracter association theory

Answer 16

associations between environment and unwanted thoughts. after suppression environment trigger thoughts
X- change environment between suppression and expression rebound still happens

Question 17

Goal interruption

Answer 17

Zeigarnik effect- martin active goal in mind fell motivation to achieve blocked goal.
gave feedback to ppts about how well supressed those with negative had more rebound effects.
X- not well replicated

Question 18

memory

Answer 18

memory of intentions have privileged accent in the mind

Question 19

cognitive load and though suppression study

Answer 19

Wegner and Erber- supress or concentrate on target word house. load time pressure of 3 secs cause way more rebound effect

Question 20

stereotyping (sexism) and suppression and load

Answer 20

told not to be sexist and complete sentences under time pressure. those with higher load more sexist completions

Question 21

stereotyping and suppression

Answer 21

give photo write about impressions. then told sit in same room as person and see where they sit. Those who told supress stereotype sat further away

Question 22

thought suppression and psychopathy

Answer 22

ptsd- higher is try to supress
ocd- more prone to supress thoughts. high obsession correlates wiht poor supression
depression-