Stem Cells

Question 0

Unspecialized cells; not sure what they want to be

Answer 0

Stem cells

Question 1

What are differentiated cells?

Answer 1

Carry out certain functions

Question 2

What does it mean to differentiate?

Answer 2

Become more specialized

Question 3

What is the primary goal of stem cell research?

Answer 3

To grow different functioning cells. Understand what goes wrong when disease occurs

Question 4

Formed as a normal part of embryonic development

Answer 4

Embryonic stem cells

Question 5

What are the benefits of the embryonic stem cells?

Answer 5

Can be grown into any cell, source of treating diseases

Question 6

What is controversial about the embryonic stem cell?

Answer 6

Cells are still alive

Question 7

Exist naturally in the body

Answer 7

Somatic stem cells

Question 8

What are the benefits of somatic stem cells?

Answer 8

Can be transplanted from patient to donor without drugs, can become a subset of related cell types

Question 9

Where can you get somatic stem cells from?

Answer 9

Bone marrow, blood, brain, muscle, gut, heart, skin

Question 10

What are the disadvantages of somatic cells?

Answer 10

Difficult to isolate and grow in culture

Question 11

Created in lab by reprogramming a patient’s cell

Answer 11

Induced pluripotent stem cells

Question 12

What are induced pluripotent cells made from?

Answer 12

Skin and cells that produce connective tissue

Question 13

What are the benefits of induced pluripotent cells?

Answer 13

Can become any cell in the body, can be a promising source of cells to treat diseases, no danger to immune system rejecting cell, less expensive

Question 14

Directs the sequence of events that turn a blob of cells into any embryo with specialized tissues and organs

Answer 14

Gastrulation

Question 15

How do cells in different parts of the embryo become different kinds of cells and organs?

Answer 15

Location, DNA

Question 16

Have directions to make proteins when turned on

Answer 16

Genes

Question 17

What kinds of proteins are found in different cells and organs?

Answer 17

Collagen, keratin, crystalin, actin, myosin, hemoglobin

Question 18

Tells cells which kinds of proteins to make

Answer 18

DNA

Question 19

What is he relationship between DNA, genes and proteins produced in cells?

Answer 19

DNA is wrapped around protein, DNA tells genes what to turn on and genes tell what proteins are needed to be made

Question 20

How might a stem cell be used to treat a disease?

Answer 20

Scaffolding

Question 21

What are embryonic stem cells referred to as because of their ability to become any cell they want?

Answer 21

Pluripotent

Question 22

What are somatic cells referred to as because they are less flexible in their ability to become any cell they want?

Answer 22

Multipotent