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Anatomy and Physiology > Histology > Flashcards

Histology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four categories of tissues?

A

epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

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2
Q

What does the Epithelial tissues include?

A

simple, stratified, pseudostratified, transitional, glandular

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3
Q

What are the shapes of epithelial tissue?

A

squamous, cuboidal, columnar

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4
Q

what are the three types of connective tissues?

A

protein fibers, mixed, fluid

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5
Q

what do the protein fibers include?

A

dense, loose, adipose, reticular

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6
Q

what do the mixed tissues include?

A

cartilage, bone, fluid

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7
Q

What are the only fluid connective tissues we have?

A

blood

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8
Q

what are the 3 types of muscle tissue?

A

skeletal, smooth, cardiac

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9
Q

what are the types of nervous tissue?

A

glial, neuron

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10
Q

An epithelial tissue that has one layer

A

simple

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11
Q

An epithelial tissue that has many layers

A

stratified

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12
Q

filling between the cells

A

interstitial/ extracellular matrix

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13
Q

Most abundant tissue in the body

A

connective tissue

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14
Q

Where are connective tissues found?

A

throughout the body

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15
Q

What are connective tissues composed of?

A

Scattered cells with abundant intercellular material

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16
Q

What are the functions of connective tissues? (9)

A

bind structures, support, framework, fill spaces, store fat, produce blood cells, protects against infection, repairs tissue damage

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17
Q

produced by connective tissue cells and excreted to their exterior, separates living cells

A

extracellular matrix

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18
Q

what does the extracellular matrix consist of?

A

ground substances and fibers

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19
Q

composed of water and adhesion proteins

A

ground substance

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20
Q

allowing connective tissue cells to attach themselves to the matrix fibers embedded in the ground substance

A

adhesion proteins

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21
Q

strands of collagen, elastin, or reticular protein

A

protein fibers

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22
Q

mixture of fibers and hard mineral deposits

A

protein fibers and ground substance

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23
Q

loose

A

areolar

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24
Q

refers to cartilage

A

chondro

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25
Q

space

A

lacunae

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26
Q

what are the 2 categories of connective tissues?

A

dense and loose

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27
Q

what do dense protein fiber matrix include?

A

regular and irregular

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28
Q

attachment for basement memberane

A

loose

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29
Q

protein matrix with fat containing cells scattered throughout

A

adipose

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30
Q

netlike meshwork of the collagen fibers that helps hold tissues in place and sometimes helps to filter particles from fluids passing through it

A

reticular

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31
Q

what are the types of mixed matrix?

A

cartilage and bone

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32
Q

what are 3 types of cartilage?

A

elastic, hyaline, fibrocartilage

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33
Q

external ear, parts of larynx

A

elastic

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34
Q

ends of bones, joint linings

A

hyaline

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35
Q

invertebral disks, knees and pelvic girdle

A

fibrocartilage

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36
Q

cartilage cells; lie within lacunae

A

chondrocytes

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37
Q

bone cell

38
Q

what are the 2 types of bone tissues?

A

compact, spongy

39
Q

outer covering of all bones and along shafts of large bones

40
Q

scaffolding of bone inside a shell of compact bone

41
Q

liquid matrix (blood plasma) and circulating blood cells

A

fluid matrix

42
Q

Groups of cells with similar structures and functions working together to carry out a specific function

43
Q

the study of tissues

44
Q

exposed to outside or open space internally

A

free surface

45
Q

lacks blood cells

46
Q

contains nerves

A

innervated

47
Q

prevents virus and bacteria to enter

A

rapid mitosis

48
Q

what are the functions of tissues?

A

physical and chemical protection, sensory reception, secretion, absorption, excretion

49
Q

looks like it’s layered but it’s not; nuclei in different spots of cells

A

pseudostratified

50
Q

flattened cells

51
Q

box-like cells

52
Q

pillar like cells

53
Q

elastic cells that flatten as stretched

A

transitional

54
Q

what are all epithelial tissues anchored to?

A

basement membrane

55
Q

where is the simple squamous found?

A

lungs, capillaries, alveoli

56
Q

what does the simple squamous do?

A

exchange gases, lines blood and lymph vessels and body cavities

57
Q

Where are the simple cudboidal found?

A

ovaries, kidney tubules, ducts of glands

58
Q

what does the simple cudboidal epithelium do?

A

secretion and absorption in kidneys, secretion in glands

59
Q

where are the simple columnar found?

A

uterus, stomach, intestines

60
Q

what does the simple columnar do?

A

protects underlying tissues, secretes digestive fluids, absorbs nutrients, increase surface area

61
Q

where are the stratified squamous found?

A

skin, mouth, throat, vagina, anal canal

62
Q

what does the stratified squamous do?

A

prevents water and substances from escaping, blocks chemicals and microorganisms

63
Q

where are stratified cuboidal found?

A

mammary gland, sweat gland, pancreas, salivary glands

64
Q

what does the stratified cuboidal do?

A

provides more protection

65
Q

where are the stratified columnar found?

A

vas deferens, male urethra, parts of the pharynx

66
Q

what does the stratified columnar do?

A

protects underlying tissue

67
Q

where are the pseudostratified columnar found?

A

respiratory tubes

68
Q

what does the pseudostratified columnar do?

A

line and sweep debris

69
Q

where are transitional epithelium found?

A

urinary bladder, ureter, superior urethra

70
Q

what does the transitional epithelium do?

A

desensibility and keeps urine from diffusing, expandable lining

71
Q

where are the glandular epithelium found?

A

digestive system, respiratory system, skin, salivary, pancreatic, sweat, mammary glands

72
Q

what does the glandular epithelium do?

A

secrete products into ducts, secrete in body fluids and blood

73
Q

secretes products into ducts

74
Q

secrete in body fluids and bloode

75
Q

Considered to be organs because they are composed of more than one type of tissue

A

Epithelial membranes

76
Q

What are epithelial membranes made of?

A

Epithelium and connective tissue

77
Q

What are the four main types of epithelial membranes?

A

Serous, mucus, synovial, integumentary

78
Q

Most common connective tissue

A

fibroblast

79
Q

cordlike or bandlike mass of white fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone

80
Q

cell that secretes mucus

81
Q

concentric rings of bone cells

82
Q

skin gland that secretes sebum

A

sebaceous gland

83
Q

discs that provide special connection in cardiac muscle

A

intercalated disc

84
Q

protein in white fibers of connective tissues and in bone matrix

85
Q

What are the characteristics of skeletal muscle?

A

voluntary, striated

86
Q

What are the characteristics of smooth muscle?

A

involuntary, visceral

87
Q

What are the characteristics of cardiac muscle?

A

Branched, striated

88
Q

Where are nervous tissues located?

A

Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves

89
Q

Bone forming cells

A

Osteoblasts

90
Q

Refers to a type of cell

91
Q

Cells that erode bone

A

Osteoclasts

Anatomy and Physiology (33 decks)

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