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Anatomy and Physiology > Muscle System > Flashcards

Muscle System Flashcards

1
Q

Oxygen carrying pigment in red blood cells

A

Hemoglobin

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2
Q

A pigmented protein in muscle that carries oxygen

A

Myoglobin

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3
Q

The amount of oxygen required after a physical exercise to convert accumulated lactic acid to glucose

A

Oxygen Debt

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4
Q

A solution with the same osmotic pressure as the solution with which it is compared

A

Isotonic

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5
Q

Opposing muscles

A

Prime mover/agonist

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6
Q

Muscles that contract and assist prime movers

A

Synergist

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7
Q

Work in opposition of the prime mover

A

Antagonist

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8
Q

With oxygen

A

Aerobic

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9
Q

Without oxygen

A

Anaerobic

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10
Q

How are muscles named?

A

Location, shape, action, region or bone they are attached to

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11
Q

Immovable end of the muscle

A

Origin

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12
Q

Movable end of the muscle

A

Insertion

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13
Q

A muscle exercised strenuously for a prolonged period of time may lose its ability to contract

A

Muscle fatigue

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14
Q

When a muscle fiber contracts, it contracts to its full extent, it cannot contract partially

A

All or none response

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15
Q

What are the two types of smooth muscle?

A

Multiunit and visceral

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16
Q

Of or involving muscular contraction against resistance in which the length of the muscle remains the same.

A

Isometric

17
Q

A nontumorous enlargement of an organ or a tissue as a result of an increase in the size rather than the number of constituent cells.

A

Hypertrophy

18
Q

A wasting or decrease in size of a body organ, tissue, or part owing to disease, injury, or lack of use

A

Atrophy

19
Q

A type of neurotransmitter, which is a biochemical secreted at axon ends of many neurons, transmits nerve messages across synapses

A

Acetylcholine

20
Q

An enzyme that catalyzes breakdown of acetylcholine

A

Acetylcholinesterase

21
Q

A biochemical that stores energy in muscle tissue

A

Creatine phosphate

22
Q

Specialized part of a muscle fiber membrane at a neuromuscular junction

A

Motor end plate

23
Q

Synapse between a motor neuron and a skeletal muscle fiber

A

Neuromuscular junction

24
Q

Chemicals that axons secrete on effectors or other neurons

A

Neurotransmitters

25
Q

Layers of dense connective tissue that surround and separate each muscle

A

Fascia

26
Q

Consists of two twisted strands with globular cross bridges projected outward along the strands

A

Myosin

27
Q

Globular protein wit myosin binding sites

A

Actin

28
Q

What 2 proteins are associated with actin?

A

tropomyosin and troponin

29
Q

If allowed to, the myosin crossbridge attaches to the binding site on the actin filament and bends, pulling on the actin filament

A

Sliding filament theory

30
Q

What are 3 energy sources for muscle contraction?

A

ATP, creatine phosphate, cellular respiration

Anatomy and Physiology (33 decks)

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