SS Chapter 7 And Utility And Surprise And Qn7 Flashcards
Managing sociocultural diversity
- integration
- assimilation
Managing socioeconomic diversity
- market based approach USA
- shared responsibility SG
- govt finance approach SE
What is assimilation
Secularism
A clear seperation of religious affairs and governance
No religion favoured
Every individual putting aside affiliations to race ethnicity religion and socio economic status
What is intergration
Retain unique identities while forging common ground with existing groups
Examples of integration (4)
- bilingual policy
- presidential council of minority rights PCMR
- group representaton constituency GRC
- ethnic integration policy EIP
Promotes equality without granting speacial rights to any group
What is bilingual policy
English and any official mother tongue
Ensure everyone can cominicaye with a common language
Morher tongue to retain culture
What is PCMR
presidential council of minority rights
Ensures laws that are passed are not discriminatory
Reports on matters affecting such groups
What is GCR
Group representation constituency
Ensures minority racial groups are represented in parliament
At least 1 memeber of team consesting in GRC has to be from a minority grp
What is EIP
Ethnic integration policy
Balanced ethnic mix in hdb estates
Prevents formation of ethnic enclaves
Naturalisation initiaives
Mandatory program: the sg citizenship journey
3 part program, 2 months to do
Collab between: national integration council NIC and the peoples association PA and the immigration and checkpoints authority of SG ICA
What is the sg citizenship journey (3)
- Sg citizenship e-joirney: info on hist and dev, key national policies, total defence
- Community sharing session: reflection, sharing
- Sg experiential tour: half day tour to historical landmarks and national institutions
Common experintces, integration
Builds ties, opp to int with locals
Dev better understanding
Eg, sg perm resident SPR quota for HDB flats (non malaysian)
5% neighbourhoods
8% blocks
Eg, NS
Critical indicator of identity and integration
Community support, integration
- Integration thru grassroots organised events and activity
- NIC launched community integration fund CIT that supports orgs that create ground up initiatives
- initiatives by PA
What is the CIT (comm. int. Fund) criteria
- provide info n resources on sg norms values and society
- promote thr mindsets and attitudes
- enhance interactions
- encourage emotional attachment to and involovement in sg
What are initiatives by PA, comminity supoort
Block parties, fesive celebrarions at CCs,
Home visits, orientation tours
Organisers involove new SCs and PRs soem as integration and naturalisation champions INCs whihc visits homes of new ones and incite them
Alloviates anxiety
Education, Assimilation
Secular, streagnthens french national identity : equal treatment
No discussion about religion except in hisory and philosophy
Immigrant children: adaptaion classes & improve frnch to join french schs
Employment, assimilation
Commited to stay -> faster acquisition of social capital
Diversity charter -> companies to articulate supoort for discrimiation fee workplace
Naturalisation, Assimilation
Dev basic knowlege abt life in france + meaning of being a french national
French langueg courses
Civic education
Need knowledge of hist and cukture + fench langueg proficiency + pass a cultural test
Thus ensures they have to interact as mich as possible with society and adopt french attitudes and beliefs and attain fliency
Tensions by assimilation
Ppl expected to keep private their ethnic and religious displays :
- Tension between upholding national identity and recognising the impact of religion on identity and respecting the rights of individuals to pracise fheir religion
- belief that french narional identity is threathened as manu new immogrants hold on to reeligous identities
Tension by Integration
- Some sporeans feel new imm have not int enough, are uncomfortabel
- Job security compromised - competiton
- Blamed for price increases, traffic congestion and more public infrasturtue breakdown
Tensions
- large no of imm affected social cohesion
- inability to comm effectively in EL, diff social norms and behaviours (obstacles)
Market based approach USA
Govt does not intervene
Ppl bear high costs of healthcare
Private insurance neccesary
Shared responsibility SG
Govt shares some aspects of healthcare
Ppl bear high/low costsvof healthcare
Private and public medical insurance
Govt financed approach SWE
Govt provides substancial subsidies and services for most healthcare
Ppl bear low costs of healthcare
Private medical insirance supplementary
Challenges usa healthcare
- lower ses more likely not to visit doc when sick
- most dont take necessary tests treatment and follow up care due to high costs
- cost and coverage of insurace varies
- Expensive health premiums
- ppl choose no insurance cuz ex
- lose job lose insurace
- insurance ppl dont insure ppl that r alr sick
