History S4 cold war chapters 1-3 Flashcards
Content concepts for causes of cold war (west perception, left finger)
- aggressive
- expansionist
- trying to increase SOI
- oppressive
Content concepts for causes of cold war (Ussr perception, right finger)
- imperialist, especially dollar imperialism
- instigator of war/aggressive
- offensive, trying to contain communism
What is dollar imperialism?
using money to increase capitalist SOI
Content concepts for causes of cold war (r/s between ussr and west)(middle finger)
- worsened relations
- fear and suspicion
- distrust, increased tensions
Consequences of cold war (concepts)
- communist and capitalist blocs
- increasingly bipolar world
- political and economic division
- arms race, nuclear arms race
- sphere of influence
- contain / spread communism
What is cold war
competition to ensure that their political beliefs dominate, superpowers fighting using other countries, proxy wars
Capitalism vs communism, political difference
capitalism: Multi party state with elections
- governed my multiple political parties
- elections regularly
- ppl choose between 2 or more parties
Communism: 1 party state
- governed by singular political party, the communist party
- political power lies with the communist party
- ppl can only vote for communist
Capitalism vs communism, economic difference
capitalism: Free market
- industry and land owned by private businesses and indivs
- free to dev, own, and control resources and capital
Communism: Centrally planned economy
- all land and means of prod owned and managed by the state
- centrally planned econ: State plan and allocate all aspects of econ
- state distribute resources to indivs and companies
Capitalism and communism, social difference
capitalism : Freedom of speech and thought
Communism : No freedom of speech and thought, oppression and censorship
Causes of cold war
Tensions before ww2: Russian civil war (3 prongs)
Western countries sent funds and troops to help non bolshevik (non communist) white army against red army
1: Afraid of worldwide communist revolution
2: Mistrust led to incr tensions
3: Stalin convinced west wanted to crush ussr
causes of cold war
Tensions before ww2: Policy of appeasement, munich conference 1938 (3 prongs)
ussr not invited to the Munich conference where future of czechoslovakia was discussed
1: Appeasement meant to prevent another war and to buy time to rearm
2: Worsened relations
3: Saw appeasement and allies reluctance to form alliance with ussr against Germany as a means to weaken and destroy ussr
Causes of cold war
Tensions before ww2: Nazi-soviet pact 1939 (3 prongs)
1: Blamed pact for causing ww1 as it allowed hitler to attack Poland unopposed
2: Worsened relations
3: Saw it as a way to protect ussr form attack
Causes of cold war
tensions during ww2: Opening 2nd front in France during ww2 1944 (3 prongs)
- West needed control over the air and sea before launching d-day
- Incr stalins suspicion that west wanted to crush communism
- Stalin suspected west wanted to use Germany to weaken ussr
Causes of cold war
tensions during ww2: Atomic bombs and detonation in 1945 (3 prongs)
- Need to end war with japan quickly, adv over ussr as war ending = mutual fear and suspicion will resurface
- Incr suspicion and fear. Ussr begin build own nuclear weapons to counter USA, nuclear arms race
- Feared USA would use it to destroy communism, not informed of existence until shortly before use on japan
Causes of cold war
tensions during ww2: Failure to follow agreements made at yalta and potsdam (3 prongs)
no free elections held in Poland, non communist leaders arrested and new communist gov established
1. Saw as ussr spreading communism in europe
2. Incr soi of communism in europe, worsened relations
3. Saw communist govt in Eastern urope as creating a buffer to prevent future attack from Germany
Differences during yalta and potsdam due to lack of continuity in polices due to change in leadership
Y: Stalin, Roosevelt- believed ussr would keep promise of free elections, Churchill- soviet union dangerous and a threat
P: Stalin-wanted to cripple Germany, Truman-believed ussr will extend communist influence, strong resistance, Atlee-sus of stalin, but did not confront
Yalta conference vs potsdam conference
Yalta, feb 1945, before defeat of Germany
Potsdam, august 1945, After defeat of Germany, before defeat of japan
Differences during yalta and potsdam, red army
Y: Red army advancing thru Poland to Germany
P: Red army controlled all of Eastern europe including berlin
Differences during yalta and potsdam, USAs need for help from ussr
Y: USA desperately needed ussrs help with war in Pacific, stalin joined in return for influence over north korea and manchuria
P: Did not need ussrs help, USA has atomic bomb
perceived delay opening 2nd front
delayed until acceptable likelihood of success / saw they did so to minimise losses, weaken ussr = mistrust, susp