Sport in industrial and post-industrial Britain Flashcards
What were the positive effects of the Industrial Revolution on sport?
+ spread the value of athleticism to the lower class
+ new middle class developed
+ influence of ex-public school boys provided facilities
What were the negative effects of the Industrial Revolution on sport?
- lack of leisure time
- lack of income
- loss of rights
- lack of public provision
Analyse the emergence of the middle class during this period
Middle class took advantage of the business opportunities during the Industrial Revolution
They became factory owners, teachers, officers, clergy, diplomats, army etc
Had control over the working class
How did the middle class impact association football?
The FA codified everyone playing by the same rules
Factory owners set up their own teams
Increased leisure time
Created competitions such as the FA cup
How have the changes made during the Industrial Revolution improved sporting opportunities for the working class?
Urbanisation migrated people from rural to urban areas, looking for employment
Improved transport allowed allowed fixtures to be played across larger areas
Church involvement and support for recreation (ex-public school boys)
Factories had teams playing on the Saturday as the working week was shortened
Communications developed via postal systems and newspapers
How did improvements in transport and communication increase the standard of performance in sport?
+ faster transport allows teams to travel further to play against better oppositions
+ cheaper transport increases participation and therefore overall standard
+ improved communication enabled fixtures and leagues to occur between different areas
+ increasing spectators through better communication led to professionalism
What were the aims of the Wenlock Olympic Games?
Promote moral improvements
Physical improvements
Intellectual improvements
Form an Olympian class
How did sport and the British Empire benefit from one another?
Public school exported the ‘games ethic’ around the world (through teachers, officers and NGBs)
Sport installed moral values
Joined various people from the empire together
How did the national governing bodies develop during the 19th century?
More clubs / leagues were forming
Sport was increasing in popularity
Fair competition was nationally agreed
Maintenance of the ‘amateur’ ideal dealt with commercialisation in sport
What’s the difference between an amateur and a professional?
Amateur = plays sport for the love of it and receives no financial gain
Professional = plays sport for the financial gain
Describe amateurism
Appreciated the value of fitness and health
High moral integrity
Gentleman amateur was typically a respected member of society
Activity with rules
High moral code
Describe professionalism
Promoted corruption (winning was vital)
Gamesmanship created advantages
Source of income for the lower class
These performers usually had a far lower status in society
