Biodiversity

Question 1

Define species

Answer 1

A group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring

Question 2

How is courtship behaviour advantageous?

Answer 2

Individuals recognise sexually mature members from their own species
They synchronise mating, form a pair bond and successfully breed

Question 3

Name the 8 classifications of an organism starting with the largest

Answer 3

1. Domain
2. Kingdom
3. Phylum
4. Class
5. Order
6. Family
7. Genus
8. Species

Question 4

Define phylogenetic classification

Answer 4

Process of arranging organisms into groups based on their evolutionary origins / relationships

Question 5

Explain hierarchical classification

Answer 5

Groups within groups
No overlaps between groups

Question 6

Define biodiversity

Answer 6

The variety of living organisms

Question 7

How do you calculate the index of diversity?

Answer 7

d = N (N -1) / sum of n (n - 1)

N = total number of all species
n = total number of each species

Question 8

How does farming impact species diversity?

Answer 8

Decreases species richness
Uses monoculture + pesticides

Question 9

How does farming impact genetic diversity?

Answer 9

Decreases biodiversity
Farmers select certain characteristics
Reduces number of different alleles in the population

Question 10

Name 4 ways we can compare genetic diversity between organisms

Answer 10

1. Frequency of observable characteristics
2. DNA base sequence
3. mRNA base sequence
4. Amino acid sequence

Question 11

What’s the difference between interspecific and intraspecific variation?

Answer 11

Interspecific = differences between different species
Intraspecific = differences between the same species

Question 12

How do you create a random sample?

Answer 12

1. Create a grid for your sample area
2. Randomly generate coordinates where a quadrat can be placed
3. Repeat until sample size is reached