Alkenes Flashcards
What is an alkene?
Unsaturated hydrocarbons with a C=C double bond
What is the general formula for an alkene?
CnH2n
Why is there no rotation around the C=C bond?
Electron density above and below the atom holds the C atoms in place
What is more reactive, alkanes or alkenes?
Alkenes
Due to their higher electron density of the double bond
Pi bond is slightly easier to break
What is an electrophile?
An electron deficient atom which accepts a pair of electrons
What is the most stable carbocation?
Tertiary carbocation
Strongest positive inductive effect
Bound to most other carbon atoms
How are major and minor products formed?
Major = more stable carbocation
Minor = less stable carbocation
What are the conditions and product to the reaction of water with an alkene?
Conditions = phosphoric acid (catalyst)
Product = alcohol
What are addition polymers formed from?
Alkenes / substituted alkenes
Give 3 uses of polyvinylchloride (PVC)
Drainpipes
Vinyl
Apron
What are plasticisers?
Small molecules that force apart polymer chains
Allow them to slide over each other
How does a plasticiser change the properties of PVC?
With = flexible
Without = rigid
What is a problem with recycling?
Each time the plastics are melted and remoulded, their properties are degradable
Can only be remoulded a umber of times
