Spinal Final: Sec. XV: Ext. Ear, Parotid, Temporal, Infratemporal, TMJ, Ext. Nose, Mouth Regions Flashcards
What is the cymba concha of the external ear?
the part of the concha b/w the helix and the inferior crus of the antihelix
What is the name given to the “goat’s beard” of the auricle?
tragus
What is the name given tot he palpable posterior projection corresponding to the triangular fossa of the auricle?
eminentia triangularis
What is the name given to the palpable posterior projection corresponding to the concha of the auricle?
eminentia concha
What is the name of the palpable posterior projection of the eminentia concha of the auricle?
ponticulus
Identify the extrinsic muscles of the auricle?
the anterior auricular, superior auricular, posterior auricular, and temporoparietalis
What is the innervation of the extrinsic muscles of the auricle?
posterior auricular and temporal branches of the facial nerve
Which branches of the external carotid artery supply the auricle?
occipital, posterior auricular, superficial temporal arteries….”OPS”
Sensory innervation of the auricle is derived from which nerves?
- greater auricular (ventral rami C2, C3)
- lesser occipital nerve (ventral rami C2, possibly C3)
- auriculotemporal nerve (mandibular division, trigeminal)
- posterior auricular cutaneous nerve (facial)
- auricular nerve (vagus)
The external acoustic meatus lies between what boundaries?
concha of the auricle and the tympanic membrane of the middle ear
What part of the external acoustic meatus is protected by cartilage?
lateral one third
The medial part of the external acoustic meatus is protected by?
the temporal bone
What part of the external acoustic meatus is protected by bone?
the medial two thirds
Skin lining the external acoustic meatus contains what modified sebaceous glands?
ceruminous glands
What is cerumen?
the product of ceruminous glands forming the bulk of ear wax
Vascularization of the external acoustic meatus is derived from which branch(es) of the external carotid artery?
posterior auricular artery, internal maxiallary artery, superficial temporal artery…..”PIS”
What is the posterior boundary of the parotid region?
the extrenal acoustic meatus, styloid process, and mastoid process
What vein is formed within the parotid gland?
the retromandibular vein
What are the branches of the facial nerve plexus?
temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, and cervical branches
What branch of the facial nerve penetrates the parotid gland, but is not given off within it?
the chorda tympani nerve
What branches of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve are given off within the parotid gland?
the auriculotemporal and lingual nerves
What cranial nerves will be utilized in parasympathetic innervation of the parotid gland?
the glossopharyngeal and trigeminal nerves
Parasympathetic efferent fibers from the ninth CN will synapse in which ganglion?
otic ganglion of Arnold’s ganglion
The parasympathetic pathway from the ninth CN will innervate what target?
parotid gland
Which branches/divisions of the trigeminal nerve will carry parasympathetic efferent fibers?
all three - the ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular branches/divisions
What is the superior boundary for the temporal region?
temporal lines of the parietal and frontal bones
What forms the floor of the temporal region?
pterion (sphenoid, parietal, temporal, frontal bones)
What is the major feature of the temporal region?
temporalis muscle
The temporalis muscle is innervated by which specific branch(es) of the trigeminal nerve?
anterior and posterior deep temporal nerves (mandibular division)
Sensory information from the temporalis muscle is carried in the trigeminal nerve to neurons in what nucleus (of termination)?
the mesencephalic nucleus
What forms the superior boundary of the infratemporal region?
greater wing of the sphenoid bone
What forms the anterior boundary of the infratemporal region?
infratemporal surface of maxilla
What forms the medial boundary of the infratemporal region?
lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid
What forms the lateral boundary of the infratemporal region?
ramus of the mandible
What are the contents of the infratemporal region?
- medial and lateral pterygoid muscles,
- internal maxillary artery and branches,
- pterygoid venous plexus,
- internal maxillary vein,
branches of the trigeminal and facial nerves - and the otic ganglion
Identify the muscles of mastication.
temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid
The masseter muscle is innervated by which branch(es) of the trigeminal nerve?
masseteric nerve, mandibular division
The lateral pterygoid muscle is innervated by which branch(es) of the trigeminal nerve?
lateral pterygoid nerve, mandibular division
The medial pterygoid muscle is innervated by which branch(es) of the trigeminal nerve?
medial pterygoid nerve, mandibular division
Sensory information from the masseter, medial pterygoid, and lateral pterygoid muscles is carried in the trigeminal nerve to neurons in what nucleus (of termination)?
the mesencephalic nucleus
Which parasympathetic ganglion is located in the infratemporal region?
the otic ganglion
The otic ganglion is part of the neural pathway to what target organ?
the parotid gland
Which CN contains the nucleus of origin for the parasympathetic pathway to the parotid gland?
the glossopharyngeal nerve
What are the attachment sites of the stylomandibular ligament?
styloid process of the temporal bone to the angle of the mandible
What are the attachment sites of the sphenomandibular ligament?
the spine of the sphenoid bone to the lingula of the mandible
What does the sphenomandibular ligament represent?
a remnant of Meckel’s cartilage of the first branchial arch
What muscles act to depress the mandible or open the mouth?
laterla pterygoid along with the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles
What muscles act to retract the mandible or pull the chin back?
temporalis
What openings are associated with pterygopalatine region?
inferior orbital fissure, pterygomaxillary fissure, sphenopalatine foramen, and foramen rotundum
Which ganglion is located within the pterygopalatine region?
the pterygopalatine or Meckel’s ganglion
What neural pathway is the pterygopalatine ganglion associated with?
parasympathetic innervation of the lacrimal gland
Which cranial nerves are associated with the parasympathetic pathway tot he lacrimal gland?
the facial and trigeminal cranial nerves
What divisions of the trigeminal nerve will be associated with the parasympathetic pathway to the lacrimal gland?
the ophthalmic and maxillary divisions of the trigeminal nerve
What bones form the nasal skeleton?
the nasal bones, the maxillae or maxillary bones, and the frontal bone
What type of tissue forms the major portion of the nose?
cartilage
What are the names of the larger pieces of cartilage forming the nose?
septal cartilage, lateral nasal cartilage, and major alar cartilage
Which of the nasal cartilages will attach to the ethmoid, vomer, and nasal bones?
the septal cartilage
What are the bony attachments for the lateral nasal cartilage?
the nasal bones and the frontal process of the maxilla
Which of the nasal cartilages will attach to the nasal and maxillary bones?
the lateral nasal cartilage
Which of the larger nasal cartilages lacks any attachment to bone?
the major alar cartilage
Which branch(es) of the external carotid artery will vascularize the external nose?
the facial and internal maxillary arteries
Which branch(es) of the internal carotid artery will vascularize the external nose?
the ophthalmic artery
Which artery(ies) will supply the sides of the nose?
facial and internal maxillary artery branches
Which artery (ies) will supply the dorsum of the nose?
the ophthalmic artery
Veins of the external nose typically drain into what vessels?
the pterygoid venous plexus
Which type of sensory pathway will convey information from the cutaneous regions of the external nose?
somatic afferent (ISA) pathways
What do somatic afferent pathways monitor?
pain, temperature, light touch, and proprioception
What nerves provide cutaneous sensation for the skin of external nose?
the ophthalmic and maxillary divisions of the trigeminal nerve
Sensory receptors contained within the skin of the nose are associated with somatic afferent fibers originating from neurons in what ganglion?
the semilunar/ trigeminal ganglion
What is the oral vestibule?
the space b/w the teeth and the external fleshy tissue of the face
What is the labial vestibule?
the space b/w the lips and the teeth
What is the buccal vestibule?
the space b/w the cheeks and the teeth
What is the oral cavity?
the space w/in the region formed by the occluded teeth
