Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Spinal Anatomy -- Morter > Spinal Exam 2: Section VI-- Spondylosis, Spondylolysis, Spondylolisthesis > Flashcards

Spinal Exam 2: Section VI-- Spondylosis, Spondylolysis, Spondylolisthesis Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Greek word for vertebra?

A

spondylos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the definition of the suffix “osis”?

A

condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the definition of the suffic “lysis”?

A

cleavage or seperation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the definition of the suffix “listhesis”?

A

slippage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the definition of spondylosis?

A

a vertebral condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the definition of spondylolysis?

A

a vertebral separation or vertebral cleavage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the definition of spondylolisthesis?

A

a vertebral slippage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the current limited definition of spondylosis?

A

a vertebral condition that is acquired or age-related

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are some of the causes of spondylolysis?

A

congenital, acquired during development, the result of aging, or the result of trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the location of spondylolysis that will be stressed in Spinal?

A

a separation along the pars interarticularis (defect in the pars interarticularis or pars defect)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What parts of a vertebra are separated as a result of a pars defect?

A

the anterior element from the posterior element

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the geographic or ethnic bias for a higher incidence of spondylolysis?

A

the native Alaskan (Inuit) population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the anterior elements of the vertebra?

A

vertebral body and pedicle, and articular process (the intervertebral disc is also indicated when looking at a vertebral couple)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the posterior elements of the vertebra?

A

the other articular process, lamina, and spinous process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the incidence of spondylolysis in the general population?

A

a range of 2.6% to 10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the incidence of spondylolysis in the native Alaskan population?

A

52.6%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What characteristics are associated with cervical spondylolysis?

A

rare, congenital, gender biased toward men, most common at C6 and linked to spondylolisthesis and spina bifida

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Is cervical spondylolysis the result of congenital conditions, acquired conditions or an age-related conditions?

A

congenital conditions, with cartilage centers failing to form or unite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What additional abnormalities are often associated with or linked to cervical spondylolysis?

A

spondylolisthesis and spina bifida

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the gender and vertebral location bias associated with cervical spondylolysis?

A

men at the C6 level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Lumbar spondylolysis has not been reported in what groups of individuals?

A

fetuses, newborns, rarely in children under five years old, patients who have never walked and in non-erect species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Lumbar spondylolysis only been reported in what types of species?

A

those species that walk erect; humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does lumbar spondylolysis appear to be related to?

A

the uniquely human upright stance or erect posture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the gender bias and locational bias associated with lumbar spondylolysis?

A

men at L5/S1; women at L4/L5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the age range typically associated with lumbar spondylolysis?

A

10-20 years olds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What activities are particularly stressful at the pars interarticularis of lumbar vertebrae?

A

gymnastics, dance, soccer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What motion(s) is particularly associated with lumbar spondylolysis?

A

hyperextension coupled with rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What name has been given to the material filling the space in a lumbar spondylolysis?

A

spondylolysis ligament

29
Q

What types of neural function(s) have been associated with spondylolysis ligament?

A

nociception, neuromodulation, and autonomic function

30
Q

What is the appearance of the lumbar vertebra upon oblique x-ray view?

A

a Scotty dog

31
Q

What is the appearance of a pars defect in a lumbar vertebra upon oblique x-ray view?

A

a collared Scotty dog

32
Q

What is the appearance of a spondylolysis in a lumbar vertebra upon oblique x-ray view?

A

a collared Scotty dog

33
Q

What is the appearance of a defect in the pars interarticularis in a lumbar vertebra upon oblique x-ray view?

A

a collared Scotty dog

34
Q

What part of a lumbar vertebra forms the neck of a Scotty dog?

A

the pars interarticularis below the superior articular process

35
Q

In an oblique x-ray, spondylolysis below the superior articular process of a lumbar pars interarticularis is associated with what part of the Scotty dog?

A

the neck of the Scotty dog

36
Q

What part of a lumbar vertebra forms the eye of a Scotty dog?

A

the pedicle

37
Q

What part of a lumbar vertebra forms the ear of a Scotty dog?

A

the superior articular process

38
Q

What part of a lumbar vertebra forms the nose of a Scotty dog?

A

the transverse process

39
Q

What is the incidence of sacral spondylolysis in the general population?

A

it’s rare

40
Q

What ethnic group is associated with a high incidence of sacral sponydlolysis?

A

the native Alaskan (Inuit) population

41
Q

Is sacral spondylolysis the result of congenital conditions, acquired conditions, or an age-related conditions?

A

it seems to be acquired

42
Q

What activities are associated with sacral spondylolysis?

A

kayaking and harpooning

43
Q

What is the ethnic, gender, and locational bias associated with sacral spondylolysis?

A

the native Alaskan (Inuit) male at the S1 level

44
Q

What is the definition of spondylolisthesis?

A

a vertebral slippage

45
Q

What vertebral condition results in spondylolisthesis?

A

bilateral spondylolysis

46
Q

What is the direction of spondylolisthesis?

A

anterior or forward displacement

47
Q

What is the posterior direction of vertebral slippage called?

A

retrospondylolisthesis or retrolisthesis

48
Q

Identify all names given to type I spondylolisthesis?

A

dysplastic spondylolisthesis, congenital spondylolisthesis

49
Q

What is the locational bias of type I spondylolisthesis?

A

L5 or upper sacral segments

50
Q

What is the location of the defect associated with type I spondylolisthesis?

A

more frequently the vertebral arch

51
Q

What additional conditions are linked to type I spondylolisthesis?

A

spina bifida occulta and nerve root compression of the S1 nerve

52
Q

Identify all names given to type II spondylolisthesis?

A

isthmic spondylolisthesis

53
Q

Which subtype of type II spondylolisthesis is stressed in Spinal?

A

Lytic spondylolisthesis or stress fracture induced spondylolisthesis

54
Q

What is the cause most frequently given for type II spondylolisthesis?

A

microfractures as the result of repetitive stress during hyperflexion and rotation

55
Q

What is the age group typically associated with type II spondylolisthesis?

A

teenagers or young adults

56
Q

Will spondylolysis always result in type II spondylolisthesis?

A

no, particularly in cases of unilateral spondylolysis

57
Q

What spinal canal dimensions are associated with type II spondylolisthesis?

A

isthmic spondylolisthesis demonstrates an increase in sagittal diamter of the spinal canal

58
Q

What is the gender bias and locational bias associated with type II spondylolisthesis?

A

isthmis spondylolisthesis is common in men at the L5/S1 level

59
Q

Which type of spondylolisthesis is common in men at the L5/S1 level?

A

Type II spondylolisthesis or isthmic spondylolisthesis

60
Q

Identify all names given to type III spondylolisthesis?

A

degenerative spondylolisthesis

61
Q

What conditions are often associated with type III spondylolisthesis?

A

degenerative spondylolisthesis is often associated with osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc degeneration, ligament laxity and articular facet remodeling

62
Q

What is the gender bias, locational bias, and spinal canal dimension changes often associated with type III spondylolisthesis?

A

degenerative spondylolisthesis is more common in women, particularily at L4/L5, and demonstrated no change in sagittal diameter of the spinal canal

63
Q

Which type of spondylolisthesis is more common in women at L4/L5?

A

Type III spondylolisthesis or degenerative spondylolisthesis

64
Q

Identify all names given to type IV sopndylolisthesis?

A

traumatic spondyolisthesis

65
Q

What causes type IV spondylolisthesis?

A

fracture of the neural arch components

66
Q

Is there a gender, locational, or age bias associated with type IV spondylolisthesis?

A

no

67
Q

Identify all names given to type V spondylolisthesis?

A

pathologic spondylolisthesis

68
Q

What are the cause(s) associated with type V spondylolisthesis?

A

bone diseases such as Paget disease or osteogenesis imperfecta

69
Q

What is the result of type V spondylolisthesis?

A

bone of the neural arch is lengthened such that listhesis occurs

Spinal Anatomy -- Morter (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions