Spinal Final Exam: Section X. cont--Suboccipital M., Accessory M., A&L Deep C M., Post. Abd. M., & Select Thorax M Flashcards
What muscles are included in the suboccipital muscle group?
rectus capitis posterior major, rectus capitis posterior minor, obliquus capitis inferior, and obliquus capitis superior
Which suboccipital muscle lacks an attachment to the skull?
obliquus capitis inferior
Which nerve will innervate all suboccipital muscles?
the dorsal ramus of C1, the suboccipital nerve
What is the origin of the rectus capitis posterior major?
the spinous tubercle of C2
What is the insertion of the rectus capitis posterior minor?
inferior nuchal line laterally
Contraction of rectus capitis posterior major will result in what movements?
turns the face to the side, bilaterally acts to extend the head
What is the origin of the rectus capitis posterior minor?
the posterior tubercle of the posterior arch of C1
What is the insertion of the rectus capitis posterior minor?
inferior nuchal line medially
Contraction of rectus capitis posterior minor will result in what movement?
extends the head
What is the origin of the obliquus capitis inferior?
C2 spinous process and lamina
What is the insertion of the obliquus capitis inferior?
transverse process of C1
Contraction of obliquus capitis inferior will result in what movement?
turns the face to the side
What is the origin of the obliquus capitis superior?
the posterior tubercle of the transverse process of C1
What is the insertion of the obliquus capitis superior?
between superior nuchal line and inferior nuchal line
Contraction of obliquus capitis superior will result in what movements?
lateral flexion/lateral bending of the head, bilaterally acts to extend the head
An increase in the density of muscle spindles is most apparent in which suboccipital muscle?
obliquus capitis inferior
Suboccipital muscle feedback relays to what additional locations in the brain?
extraocular nuclei of origin, primary visual cortex, and vestibular nuclei
What is the result of communication between suboccipital muscles, visual centers, and vestibular centers?
coordination of head and eye position
What is the proposed function of the suboccipital muscle group?
postural stabilizers of the atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial joints
Which suboccipital muscles are known to attach to dura mater?
rectus capitis posterior major, rectus capitis posterior minor and, obliquus capitis inferior
Interspinalis is paired in which regions of the spine?
cervical and lumbar regions
At what locations will interspinalis be absent along the spine?
T3-T4 down to T10-T11
Based on the density of muscle spindles what is the proposed function of the interspinalis?
acts as a proprioceptive transducer in conjunction with intertrasnversarii to coordinate the smooth movement of the spine and to maintain appropriate posture
Intertransversarii are paired in which region(s) of the spine?
cervical and lumbar regions
In which region of the spine are intertrasnversarii best developed?
cervical region
Which of the cervical intertransversarii is innerated by dorsal rami of cervical spinal nerves?
posterior medial belly, cervical intertransversarii
What is the origin of the medial belly of the lumbar intertransversarii?
accessory process of transverse process L1-L4
mammillary process of superior articular process L1-L4
What is the insertion of the medial belly of the lumbar intertransversarii?
mammillary process of superior articular process the segment below (L2-L5)
Which of the lumbar intertransversarii is innervated by dorsal rami of lumbar spinal nerves?
medial belly, lumbar intertransversarii
Which of the lumbar intertransversarii is innervated by ventral rami of lumbar spinal nerves?
anterior laterally belly and posterior lateral belly, lumbar intertransversarii
Which muscle group is innervated by both dorsal rami and ventral rami of spinal nerves?
intertransversarii
Based on the density of muscle spindles what is the proposed function of intertransversarii?
acts as a proprioceptive transducer in conjunction with interspinalis to coordinate the smooth movement of the spine and to maintain appropriate posture
What is the origin of the longus colli?
vertebral bodies of C5-C7, T1-T3, and anterior tubercles of transverse processes C3-C5
What is the insertion of the longus colli?
anterior tubercle of the anterior arch C1, vertebral bodies of C2-C4, and anterior tubercles of transverse processes C5-C6
Contraction of longus colli will result in what movements?
flexion and lateral flexion (bending) of the neck and rotation to the contralateral side
What will innervate the longus colli?
ventral rami of C2-C6 or C7 spinal nerves
What is the origin of the longus capitis?
anterior tubercles of transverse processes C3-C6
What is the insertion of the longus capitis?
basilar part of the occipital bone
What will innervate the longus capitis?
the ventral rami of C1-C3 spinal nerves
What is the origin of the rectus capitis anterior?
lateral mass and costal element of the transverse process of C1
What is the insertion of the rectus capitis anterior?
basilar part of the occipital bone
What will innervate the rectus capitis anterior?
ventral rami of C1-C2 spinal nerves
What is the origin of the rectus capitis lateralis?
costal element of the transverse process of C1
What is the insertion of the rectus capitis lateralis?
jugular process of the occipital bone
What will innervate the rectus capitis lateralis?
the ventral rami of C1-C2 spinal nerves
What is the origin of the anterior scalene?
anterior tubercle of transverse processes of C3-C6
What is the insertion of the anterior scalene?
ridge and anterior scalene tubercle of the first rib
Contraction of anterior scalene will result in what movements?
flexion and lateral flexion (bending) of the neck and rotation of cervicals to the contralateral side; elevates first rib
What will innervate the anterior scalene?
the ventral rami of C2-C6 spinal nerves
What is the origin of the middle scalene?
transverse processes of C1, C2 and
posterior tubercles of transverse processes C3-C7
What is the insertion of the middle scalene?
between the tubercle and groove for the subclavian artery on the first rib
Contraction of middle scalene will result in what movements?
laterally flex the neck; elevate the first rib
What will innervate the middle scalene?
the ventral rami of C3-C8 spinal nerves
What is the origin of the posterior scalene?
posterior tubercles of transverse processes C4-C6
What is the insertion of the posterior scalene?
outer surface of second rib
Contraction of posterior scalene will result in what movements?
laterally flex the neck; elevates the second rib
What will innervate the posterior scalene?
the ventral rami of C6-C8 spinal nerves
Which muscle is said to form the iliolumbar ligament?
quadratus lumborum
What osseous part of the vertebral column serves as an origin to the quadratus lumborum?
transverse process of L5
What is the insertion of the quadratus lumborum?
transverse tubercles of the transverse process L1-L4 and 12th rib
What will innervate the quadratus lumborum?
the ventral rami of T12 and L1-L3 or L4 spinal nerves
What is the origin of the psoas major?
vertebral bodies T12, L1-L5, S1 and transverse processes of L1-L5
What is the insertion of the psoas major?
lesser trochanter of the femur
What will innervate the psoas major?
primarily the ventral rami of L2 and L3, may include ventral rami of L1 and L4 spinal nerves
What is the origin of the psoas minor?
vertebral bodies T12, L1
What is the insertion of the psoas minor?
iliopubic eminence of the innominate bone?
What will innervate the psoas minor?
the ventral ramus of L1 spinal nerve
What osseous part of the vertebral column serves as an origin to the iliacus?
superolateral margin of sacrum
What non-vertebral column site serves as an origin to the iliacus?
iliac crest and upper two-thirds of the iliac fossa of the innominate bone
What is the insertion of the iliacus?
lesser trochanter of the femur
What will innervate the iliacus?
the femoral nerve, primarily the ventral rami of L2 and L3
What is the origin of the levator costarum brevis?
transverse tubercles of transverse processes from C7, T1-T11
What is the insertion of the levator costarum brevis?
between the costal tubercle and costal angle of the rib below
What will innervate the levator costarum brevis?
the dorsal rami of T1-T12 spinal nerves
What is the origin of the levator costarum longus?
transverse tubercles of transverse processes from T7-T10
What is the insertion of the levator costarum longus?
near costal angle of rib 9 - rib 12
What will innervate the levator costarum longus?
the dorsal rami of the lower thoracic spinal nerves
What is the origin of the serratus posterior superior?
spinous tubercles of spinous processes from C7, T1 and T2, possibly T3
What is the insertion of the serratus posterior superior?
upper outer border of rib 2 - rib 5
What will innervate the serratus posterior superior?
the ventral rami of T2 - T5 spinal nerves… intercostal nerves
What is the origin of the serratus posterior inferior?
spinous tubercles of spinous processes from T11, T12, L1, and L2, possible L3
What is the insertion of the serratus posterior inferior?
inferior outer border of ribs 9-12
What will innervate the serratus posterior inferior?
the ventral rami of T9 -T11, the intercostal nerves and
the ventral ramus of T12, the subcostal
