Special Senses Eyes and Ears Flashcards
a medical specialty concerned with the eyes, the organs of sight
is the branch of medicine concerned with diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders.
opthamology
The medical specialist in ophthalmology is called an ophthalmologist.
jobs of an opthamologist include:
- eye correction surgery
- prescribing corrective lenses
- cornea transplantation
- cataract removal
- repair of ocular muscle dysfunction
- glaucoma treatment
- lens removal
- radial keratotomy.
An exam from an opthamologist can also detect other health conditions such as:
- diabetes
- stroke
- heart disease
- cancer
- high cholesteral
- lupus
- multiple sclerosis
- myasthenia gravis
- lyme disease
- rheumatoid arthritis
- thyroid disease
*
a medical specialty is concerned with the ears, the organs of hearing
otolaryngology
These two eye specialists can provide corrective lenses for the eyes, they are not medical doctors, but they are licensed to examine and test the eyes and treat visual defects by prescribing corrective lenses.
optometrist and optician
is the oldest medical specialty in the United States Fifty years ago it **was **practiced along with ophthalmology During that time, the medical practice consisted mainly of removing tonsils and adenoids and irrigating (cleansing a canal by flushing it with water or other fluids) the sinuses and ear canals.
Otolaryngology
greatly expanded to include medical and surgical management of patients with disorders of the ear, nose, and throat and related structures of the head and neck region. These specialists are called:
ENT physicians, or otolaryngologists
ENT physicians commonly treat disorders related to the following:
- sinuses
- allergies
- disorders of he sense of smell
are receptor organs that provide vision
constructed to detect stimuli in the environment and to transmit those observations to the brain for visual interpretation
eyes
otolaryngologist or ENT Physicians treast the following symptoms and conditions:
- hoarseness,
- hearing difficulty
- breathing difficulty
- swelling around the head or the neck
- sleep disorders (sleep apnea)
- snoring disorders
EYES
a thin layer of tissue that lines the back of the eye on the inside. It is located near the optic nerve its is to receive light that the lens has focused, convert the light into neural signals, and send these signals on to the brain for visual recognition.
retina
retin/o
the white part of your eye that wraps around your eyeball and protects it from injury
sclera
scler/o
the part of your eye between the sclera and the retina that contains blood vessels and connective tissue it is part of the uvea, and it helps nourish the retina and regulate temperature
choroid
choroid/o
a circular, colored structure that sits in front of the lens within the coronal plane towards the front of the eye, it is unbound in its middle to allow the pupil to change size, this structure is connected to the ciliary body—the part of the eye that produces the eye’s fluid
iris
irid/o
the clear, protective layer of your eye that helps you see and keeps out harmful substances.
cornea
corne/o or kerat/o
eyelid
blephar/o
the black hole in the middle of your iris that lets light into your eye. It changes size in response to changes in light and is controlled by muscles in your iris
pupil
cor/o, core/o, pupill/o
an ellipsoid structure in the eyeball that transmits and focuses the light onto the retina
lens
phac/o
a thin, clear membrane that protects your eye and keeps it lubricated
conjunctiva
conjunctiv/o
also known as the second cranial nerve, cranial nerve II, or simply CN II, is a paired cranial nerve that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain
optic nerve
organs that enable us to hear and maintain balance
ear
ot/o
Name the three divisions of the ear
external: conduct sound waves through the ear
middle:conduct sound waves through the ear
inner ear: contains auditory structures that receive sound waves and transmit them to the brain for interpretation
This part of the ear contains specialized receptors that maintain balance and equilibrium in response to fluctuations in body position and motion
the inner ear
EAR STRUCTURES
also known as the eardrum, which receives sound vibrations from the outer air and transmits them to the middle ear
tympanic membrane
myring/o or tympan/o
a hollow tube that connects your middle ear to your throat and regulates pressure and drainage
eustachean tube
salping/o
a snail-shaped structure in the inner ear that is essential for hearing
cochlea
cochle/o
a bone in the middle ear of humans and other animals which is involved in the conduction of sound vibrations to the inner ear
stapes
staped/o
one of three tiny interconnected bones in the middle ear cavity (tympanic cavity) which are collectively called the auditory ossicles
malleus
blepherospasm
Involuntary twitching or contraction of the eyelid
blephar/o
eyelid
blephar/o/spasm
-spasm: involuntary contraction, twitching
choroidopathy
disease of the choroid
the layer between the retina and sclera
conjunctivitis
inflammation of the conjunctiva (PINK EYE)
conjunctiv/o
conjunctiva
conjunctiv/itis
-itis: inflammation
inflammation of the cornia also called keratitis
corneitis
corne/o
cornea
-itis: inflammation
an/acusis
-acusis
hearing
an-: without, not
without hearing, total deafness
hearing loss associated with old age
-cusis
presby/cusis
presby: old age
reduction or dimness of vision in one eye with apparent pathological condition* LAZY EYE*
-opia
vision
ambly/opia
ambly: dull, dim
inequality of vision in both eyes
heter/opsia
-opsia
heter-: different
blepharoptosis
downward displacement or drooping of the upper eyelid
-ptosis
prolapse, downward displacement
blephar/o: eyelid
abnormal turning outward of one or both eyes also called
divergent strabismus
exotropia
exo: outside, outward
exo/tropia
-tropia: turning
excess farsighted vision
hyper/opia
hyper-excessive, above normal
(hī-pĕr-Ō-pē-ă)
-opia: vision
paralysis of the eye
ophthalmoplegia
study of the eye
opthalmology
examination of the pupil
pupilloscopy
softening of the cornea
Keratomalacia
instrument for measuring the cornea
Keratometer
inflammation of the sclera
soleritis
softening of the sclera
soleromalacia
paralysis of the iris
iridoplegia
herniation of the iris
iridocele
disease of the retina
retinopathy
inflammation of the retina
retinitis
paralysis of the eyelid
blepharoplegia
prolapse of the eyelid
blepharoptosis
surgical repair of the eyelid
blepharoplasty
flow of pus from the ear
otopyporrhea
instrument for measuring hearing
audiometer
instrument for cutting the eardrum
myringotome
surgical repair of the tympanic membrane
myringoplasty
inflammation of the eustachian tube
salpingitis
pertaining to the eustachian tube and throat
salpingopharyngeal
