Cardiovascular system Diseases and Conditions Flashcards by Joannie D

Surgical procedure that opens a blocked artery by inflating a small balloon within a catheter to widen and restore blood flow in the artery

angioplasty
ĂN-jē-ō-plăs-tē
angi/o: vessel (usually blood or lymph)
-plasty: surgical repair

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Art gets carried away with oxygenated blood!

Large blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart

arteries

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Microscopic blood vessels joining arterioles and venules

capillaries

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Pertaining to presence of a disorder at the time of birth, which may result from genetic or environmental causes

congenital

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Sum of all physical and chemical changes that take place within an organism

metabolism

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Vessels that return deoxygenated blood to the heart

veins

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Irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat; also called dysrhythmia

arrythmia

ă-RĬTH-mē-ă a-: without, not
rrhythm: rhythm -ia: condition

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Arrhythmia in which there is rapid, uncoordinated quivering of the myocardium that can affect the atria or ventricles; usually described by the part that is contracting abnormally

Fibrillation

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Thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of arterial walls; also called hardening of the arteries

arteriosclerosis

scler-hardeing
osis-abnomal condition

Healthy arteries are flexible and elastic. But over time, the walls in t

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Most common form of arteriosclerosis caused by accumulation of fatty substances within the arterial walls, resulting in partial and, eventually, total blockage

atherosclerosis

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Soft blowing sound heard on auscultation caused by turbulent blood flow

auscultation-listening to the body with a stethescope
think of italian w

bruit

brwe

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Mass of undissolved matter (commonly a blood clot, fatty plaque, or air bubble) that travels through the bloodstream and becomes lodged in a blood vessel

embolus

us-condition

embol- plug

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Disease of the electrical system of the heart, which controls activity of heart muscle

heart block

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Atrioventricular (AV) block in which atrial electrical impulses are delayed by a fraction of a second before being conducted to the

first-degree

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AV block in which only some atrial electrical impulses are conducted to the ventricles

second-degree

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AV block in which no electrical impulses reach the ventricles; also called complete heart block (CHB)

third-degree
complete heart block
CHC

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Occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood flow to meet the needs of the body and can cause a number of symptoms, such as shortness of breath, leg swelling, and exercise intolerance

Heart Failure
HF

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Consistently elevated blood pressure, causing damage to the blood vessels and, ultimately, the heart

Hypertension
HTN
tension-stress

hyper-excessive, above normal

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Inadequate supply of oxygenated blood to a body part as a result of an interruption of blood flow

ischemia

emia-blood

isch-to hold back

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Structural abnormality in which the mitral (bicuspid) valve does not close completely, resulting in backflow of blood into the left atrium with each contraction

mitrovalve prolapse
MVP

Abnormal sound heard on auscultation caused by defects in the valves or chambers of the heart

murmur

Necrosis of a portion of cardiac muscle caused by partial or complete occlusion of one or more coronary arteries; also called heart attack

myocardial infarction (MI)

my/o: muscle
cardi: heart
-al: pertaining to

Failure of the ductus arteriosus (which connects the pulmonary artery to the aortic arch in a fetus) to close after birth, resulting in an abnormal opening between the pulmonary artery and the aorta

patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)

severe, sudden vasoconstriction and spasm in fingers and toes followed by cyanosis after exposure to cold temperature or emotional stress; also called Raynaud phenomenon

reynaud disease

Streptococcal infection that causes damage to the heart valves and heart muscle, most commonly in children and young adults | often found in third world countries where nutrition is not great and ex

rheumatic heart disease

A stationary blood clot formed within a blood vessel or within the heart, commonly causing vascular obstruction; also called blood clot

Thrombus | thromb: blood clot -us: condition; structure

Formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in one of the deep veins of the lower legs

Deep Vein Thrombosis DVT

Art and Terry like to carry large oxygenated carts away from their heart

Large blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart

My favorite spaghetti is **capillaries**, I serve it with atrioles and venules, and I don't gain weight because they are microscopic

Capillaries Microscopic blood vessels joining arterioles and venules

Angi O'Plasty my irish neighbor likes to blow up balloons, she says it really gets her blood flowing

Angioplasty Surgical procedure that opens a blocked artery by inflating a small balloon within a catheter to widen and restore blood flow in the artery

You're so vein, I bet you think this card is about you, don't you, don't you, don't you have any oxygen? You're just a vessel, carrying empty blood to the heart!

veins Vessels that return deoxygenated blood to the heart

"And you're not coming in and and you're not coming in" said the bouncer at Club Artery when it was packed full. "If you let one more person in, the club will rupture and I'll have an aneurysym", said the owner!

Aneurysm Abnormal widening (ballooning) of a portion of an artery as a result of weakness in its wall, or it may be present at birth (congenital)—the larger the aneurysm becomes, the greater is the risk of rupture

My Aunt Gina is always complaining that she doesn't have enough blood going to her chest, she says she's in pain but I think its just an elaborate ischemia!

angina pectoris Mild to severe pain or pressure in the chest caused by ischemia; also called angina

the dancer was always a beat behind the rest, she suffered from arrhythmia

arrhythmia Irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat; also called dysrhythmia | ă-RĬTH-mē-ă a-: without, not rrhythm: rhythm -ia: condition

please don't FIB-rillate I can tell your myocardium is contracting abnormally!

Fibrillation Arrhythmia in which there is rapid, uncoordinated quivering of the myocardium that can affect the atria or ventricles; usually described by the part that is contracting abnormally, such as atrial fibrillation or ventricular fibrillation

Ain't nothing but a **heatblock** tell me why, ain't nothing but a **heartblock** tell me why, I never want to hear you say, my **electrical system** is not working today!

Heart block Disease of the electrical system of the heart, which controls activity of heart muscle

Art class with Mrs. Sclero was abnormally hard, usually she is a flexible grader but overtime she has hardened and lost flexibility!

arteriosclerosis Thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of arterial walls; also called hardening of the arteries **scler: hardening, sclera (white of eye)** | arteri/o: artery

Ather Sclero said his wife Mrs. Sclero has gotton hard because she has gotten fatty, but he thinks she looks beautiful! She might block everyone from coming into her class now!

Atheriosclerosis Most common form of arteriosclerosis caused by accumulation of fatty substances within the arterial walls, resulting in partial and, eventually, total blockage!

Prof. Em Bolus was cleaning out her lab, she lined the hallway with boxes of fatty plaque, blood clots and air bubbles. No one could fit down the hallway, they became trapped! Her boss told her to MOVE everything out of the way!

Embolus Mass of undissolved matter (commonly a blood clot, fatty plaque, or air bubble) that travels through the bloodstream and becomes lodged in a blood vessel -us: condition; structure | embol: (plug)

A letter to a broken heart Dear heart, you are fired! You are a failure! You no longer pump enough blood. Because of you my legs are swollen, I can hardly breathe and I can even exercise!

heart failure (HF) Occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood flow to meet the needs of the body and can cause a number of symptoms, such as shortness of breath, leg swelling, and exercise intolerance

the landlord was blocking the heat and the tenants were freezing, they knew it was a scheme of hers to save money!

Ischemia Inadequate supply of oxygenated blood to a body part as a result of an interruption of blood flow

Bicuspid, you're supposed to be the MVP and a pro how could you have a memory lapse and forget to close the valve, now the left atrium is flooded!!!

mitral valve prolapse (MVP) Structural abnormality in which the mitral (bicuspid) valve does not close completely, resulting in backflow of blood into the left atrium with each contraction

I'm dead! My ocardial is infarcted because something blocked my coronary artery! I'm gonna have a heart attack!

Myocardial infarction (MI) Necrosis of a portion of cardiac muscle caused by partial or complete occlusion of one or more coronary arteries; also called heart attack | my/o: muscle cardi: heart -al: pertaining to

Are you open to some PDA? I'm not but the opening from my pulmonary artery to my atery is open. How did that happen? I was born this way!

patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) Failure of the ductus arteriosus (which connects the pulmonary artery to the aortic arch in a fetus) to close after birth, resulting in an abnormal opening between the pulmonary artery and the aorta

Mr. Ray Naud is blue, he forgot his gloves and it's cold outside! He is such a spas!

Raynaud disease rā-NŌ Severe, sudden vasoconstriction and spasm in fingers and toes followed by cyanosis after exposure to cold temperature or emotional stress; also called Raynaud phenomenon

The young girl was very ill, she had bacteria in her heart valve and heart muscles. She had no room at her heart for this!

Rheumatic heart disease Streptococcal infection that causes damage to the heart valves and heart muscle, most commonly in children and young adults

the throm/bus isn't coming, it broke down on the road and now it is stuck and blocking traffic for miles. It can't move!

thrombus A stationary blood clot formed within a blood vessel or within the heart, commonly causing vascular obstruction; also called blood clot | thromb: blood clot -us: condition; structure

Where did the DVT throm/bus get stuck? It is stuck in the lower eastside! That's deep down into the city! It's very dangerous there!

deep vein thrombosis (DVT) Formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in one of the deep veins of the lower legs | thromb: blood clot -osis: -abnormal condition; increased

Ms. Vari Cose was so vein, she didn't like to wear shorts. She covered her legs so her no one would see her incompetent veins that pools blood in them!

In varicose veins, also known as varicosities, dilation of veins from long periods of pressure prevents complete closure of the valves. Unhealthy or damaged (incompetent) valves do not close completely.