Cardiovascular system Diseases and Conditions Flashcards
Surgical procedure that opens a blocked artery by inflating a small balloon within a catheter to widen and restore blood flow in the artery
angioplasty
ĂN-jē-ō-plăs-tē
angi/o: vessel (usually blood or lymph)
-plasty: surgical repair
Art gets carried away with oxygenated blood!
Large blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
arteries
Microscopic blood vessels joining arterioles and venules
capillaries
Pertaining to presence of a disorder at the time of birth, which may result from genetic or environmental causes
congenital
Sum of all physical and chemical changes that take place within an organism
metabolism
Vessels that return deoxygenated blood to the heart
veins
Irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat; also called dysrhythmia
arrythmia
ă-RĬTH-mē-ă a-: without, not
rrhythm: rhythm -ia: condition
Arrhythmia in which there is rapid, uncoordinated quivering of the myocardium that can affect the atria or ventricles; usually described by the part that is contracting abnormally
Fibrillation
Thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of arterial walls; also called hardening of the arteries
arteriosclerosis
scler-hardeing
osis-abnomal condition
Healthy arteries are flexible and elastic. But over time, the walls in t
Most common form of arteriosclerosis caused by accumulation of fatty substances within the arterial walls, resulting in partial and, eventually, total blockage
atherosclerosis
Soft blowing sound heard on auscultation caused by turbulent blood flow
auscultation-listening to the body with a stethescope
think of italian w
bruit
brwe
Mass of undissolved matter (commonly a blood clot, fatty plaque, or air bubble) that travels through the bloodstream and becomes lodged in a blood vessel
embolus
us-condition
embol- plug
Disease of the electrical system of the heart, which controls activity of heart muscle
heart block
Atrioventricular (AV) block in which atrial electrical impulses are delayed by a fraction of a second before being conducted to the
first-degree
AV block in which only some atrial electrical impulses are conducted to the ventricles
second-degree
AV block in which no electrical impulses reach the ventricles; also called complete heart block (CHB)
third-degree
complete heart block
CHC
Occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood flow to meet the needs of the body and can cause a number of symptoms, such as shortness of breath, leg swelling, and exercise intolerance
Heart Failure
HF
Consistently elevated blood pressure, causing damage to the blood vessels and, ultimately, the heart
Hypertension
HTN
tension-stress
hyper-excessive, above normal
Inadequate supply of oxygenated blood to a body part as a result of an interruption of blood flow
ischemia
emia-blood
isch-to hold back
Structural abnormality in which the mitral (bicuspid) valve does not close completely, resulting in backflow of blood into the left atrium with each contraction
mitrovalve prolapse
MVP
Abnormal sound heard on auscultation caused by defects in the valves or chambers of the heart
murmur
Necrosis of a portion of cardiac muscle caused by partial or complete occlusion of one or more coronary arteries; also called heart attack
myocardial infarction (MI)
my/o: muscle
cardi: heart
-al: pertaining to
Failure of the ductus arteriosus (which connects the pulmonary artery to the aortic arch in a fetus) to close after birth, resulting in an abnormal opening between the pulmonary artery and the aorta
patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
severe, sudden vasoconstriction and spasm in fingers and toes followed by cyanosis after exposure to cold temperature or emotional stress; also called Raynaud phenomenon
reynaud disease
Streptococcal infection that causes damage to the heart valves and heart muscle, most commonly in children and young adults
often found in third world countries where nutrition is not great and ex
rheumatic heart disease
A stationary blood clot formed within a blood vessel or within the heart, commonly causing vascular obstruction; also called blood clot
Thrombus
thromb: blood clot
-us: condition; structure
Formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in one of the deep veins of the lower legs
Deep Vein Thrombosis
DVT
Art and Terry like to carry large oxygenated carts away from their heart
Large blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
My favorite spaghetti is capillaries, I serve it with atrioles and venules, and I don’t gain weight because they are microscopic
Capillaries
Microscopic blood vessels joining arterioles and venules
Angi O’Plasty my irish neighbor likes to blow up balloons, she says it really gets her blood flowing
Angioplasty
Surgical procedure that opens a blocked artery by inflating a small balloon within a catheter to widen and restore blood flow in the artery
You’re so vein, I bet you think this card is about you, don’t you, don’t you, don’t you have any oxygen? You’re just a vessel, carrying empty blood to the heart!
veins
Vessels that return deoxygenated blood to the heart
“And you’re not coming in and and you’re not coming in” said the bouncer at Club Artery when it was packed full. “If you let one more person in, the club will rupture and I’ll have an aneurysym”, said the owner!
Aneurysm
Abnormal widening (ballooning) of a portion of an artery as a result of weakness in its wall, or it may be present at birth (congenital)—the larger the aneurysm becomes, the greater is the risk of rupture
My Aunt Gina is always complaining that she doesn’t have enough blood going to her chest, she says she’s in pain but I think its just an elaborate ischemia!
angina pectoris
Mild to severe pain or pressure in the chest caused by ischemia; also called angina
the dancer was always a beat behind the rest, she suffered from arrhythmia
arrhythmia
Irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat; also called dysrhythmia
ă-RĬTH-mē-ă a-: without, not
rrhythm: rhythm -ia: condition
please don’t FIB-rillate I can tell your myocardium is contracting abnormally!
Fibrillation
Arrhythmia in which there is rapid, uncoordinated quivering of the myocardium that can affect the atria or ventricles; usually described by the part that is contracting abnormally, such as atrial fibrillation or ventricular fibrillation
Ain’t nothing but a heatblock
tell me why,
ain’t nothing but a heartblock
tell me why,
I never want to hear you say, my electrical system is not working today!
Heart block
Disease of the electrical system of the heart, which controls activity of heart muscle
Art class with Mrs. Sclero was abnormally hard, usually she is a flexible grader but overtime she has hardened and lost flexibility!
arteriosclerosis
Thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of arterial walls; also called hardening of the arteries
scler: hardening, sclera (white of eye)
arteri/o: artery
Ather Sclero said his wife Mrs. Sclero has gotton hard because she has gotten fatty, but he thinks she looks beautiful! She might block everyone from coming into her class now!
Atheriosclerosis
Most common form of arteriosclerosis caused by accumulation of fatty substances within the arterial walls, resulting in partial and, eventually, total blockage!
Prof. Em Bolus was cleaning out her lab, she lined the hallway with boxes of fatty plaque, blood clots and air bubbles. No one could fit down the hallway, they became trapped! Her boss told her to MOVE everything out of the way!
Embolus
Mass of undissolved matter (commonly a blood clot, fatty plaque, or air bubble) that travels through the bloodstream and becomes lodged in a blood vessel
-us: condition; structure
embol: (plug)
A letter to a broken heart
Dear heart, you are fired! You are a failure! You no longer pump enough blood. Because of you my legs are swollen, I can hardly breathe and I can even exercise!
heart failure (HF)
Occurs when the heart is unable to pump enough blood flow to meet the needs of the body and can cause a number of symptoms, such as shortness of breath, leg swelling, and exercise intolerance
the landlord was blocking the heat and the tenants were freezing, they knew it was a scheme of hers to save money!
Ischemia
Inadequate supply of oxygenated blood to a body part as a result of an interruption of blood flow
Bicuspid, you’re supposed to be the MVP and a pro how could you have a memory lapse and forget to close the valve, now the left atrium is flooded!!!
mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
Structural abnormality in which the mitral (bicuspid) valve does not close completely, resulting in backflow of blood into the left atrium with each contraction
I’m dead! My ocardial is infarcted because something blocked my coronary artery! I’m gonna have a heart attack!
Myocardial infarction (MI)
Necrosis of a portion of cardiac muscle caused by partial or complete occlusion of one or more coronary arteries; also called heart attack
my/o: muscle
cardi: heart
-al: pertaining to
Are you open to some PDA? I’m not but the opening from my pulmonary artery to my atery is open. How did that happen? I was born this way!
patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Failure of the ductus arteriosus (which connects the pulmonary artery to the aortic arch in a fetus) to close after birth, resulting in an abnormal opening between the pulmonary artery and the aorta
Mr. Ray Naud is blue, he forgot his gloves and it’s cold outside! He is such a spas!
Raynaud disease
rā-NŌ
Severe, sudden vasoconstriction and spasm in fingers and toes followed by cyanosis after exposure to cold temperature or emotional stress; also called Raynaud phenomenon
The young girl was very ill, she had bacteria in her heart valve and heart muscles. She had no room at her heart for this!
Rheumatic heart disease
Streptococcal infection that causes damage to the heart valves and heart muscle, most commonly in children and young adults
the throm/bus isn’t coming, it broke down on the road and now it is stuck and blocking traffic for miles. It can’t move!
thrombus
A stationary blood clot formed within a blood vessel or within the heart, commonly causing vascular obstruction; also called blood clot
thromb: blood clot
-us: condition; structure
Where did the DVT throm/bus get stuck? It is stuck in the lower eastside! That’s deep down into the city! It’s very dangerous there!
deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
Formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in one of the deep veins of the lower legs
thromb: blood clot
-osis: -abnormal condition; increased
Ms. Vari Cose was so vein, she didn’t like to wear shorts. She covered her legs so her no one would see her incompetent veins that pools blood in them!
In varicose veins, also known as varicosities, dilation of veins from long periods of pressure prevents complete closure of the valves. Unhealthy or damaged (incompetent) valves do not close completely.
