Musculoskeletal Diseases and Conditions Flashcards
MUSCLES
Group of hereditary diseases characterized by progressive degeneration of the muscles, leading to increasing weakness and debilitation, including Duchenne dystrophy (most common form)
muscular dystrophy (MD)
muscul: muscle
-ar: pertaining to
dys-: bad; painful; difficult
-trophy: development, nourishment
MUSCLES
Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by progressive fatigue and severe muscle weakness, particularly evident with facial muscles and ptosis of the eyelids
myasthenia gravis (MG)
think gravity (gravis) pulling the eye down, gravity making the muscles week. Since it is autoimmune it is a condition caused by MY own body. MYasthenia Gravis
MUSCLES
Injury to the capsule of the shoulder joint, which is reinforced by muscles and tendons; also called musculotendinous
rotator cuff injury
MUSCLES
Trauma to a joint that causes injury to the surrounding ligament, accompanied by pain and disability, such as an eversion sprain that occurs when the foot is twisted outward
sprain
a sprain gives you pain from the ligaments surrounding a joint
MUSCLES
Trauma to a muscle from overuse or excessive forcible stretch
strain
Think of a body builder who strains his face when he is working on his muscles!
MUSCLES
Spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles, causing stiffness and twisting of the neck; also called wryneck
torticollis
think of a turtle, or tortis sticking his neck out of his shell his neck has limited movement because it is stiff, and also the the shirt collar is surrounding the neck
BONES AND JOINTS
Inflammation of a joint usually accompanied by pain, swelling, and, commonly, changes in structure
arthritis
arthr: joint
-itis: inflammation
BONES AND JOINTS
Arthritis caused by excessive uric acid in the body; also called gout
gouty
I have gout because the uric acid refuses to** GO OUT **of my body and builds up
BONES AND JOINTS
Progressive, degenerative joint disease characterized by bone spurs (osteophytes) and destruction of articular cartilage
osteoarthritis
oste/o: bone
arthr: joint
-itis: inflammation
BONES AND JOINTS
Deformity characterized by lateral deviation of the great toe as it turns in toward the second toe (angulation) with an abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe
BUNION
BONES AND JOINTS
Pain or numbness resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel (wrist canal through which the flexor tendons and median nerve pass)
carpal tunnel syndrome
BONES AND JOINTS
Fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint
contracture
BONES AND JOINTS
Grating sound made by movement of bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction
crepitation
BONES AND JOINTS
Malignant tumor that develops from bone marrow, usually in the long bones or the pelvis, and most commonly affecting adolescent boys
Ewing Sarcoma
Remington Ewing is a boney adolescent,
BONES AND JOINTS
Noncancerous, jellylike, fluid-filled lumps that most commonly develop along the tendons or joints of the wrists or hands, but may also appear in the feet
ganglion cyst
a gang of fluid who incyst on hanging out in the joint
BONES AND JOINTS
Herniation or rupture of the nucleus pulposus (center gelatinous material within an intervertebral disk) between two vertebrae; also called prolapsed disk
herniated disk
BONES AND JOINTS
Infection that encompasses all bone (osseous) components, including the bone marrow
osteomyelitis
BONES AND JOINTS
Decrease in bone density with an increase in porosity, causing bones to become brittle and increasing the risk of fracture
osteoporosis
oste/o: bone
-porosis: porous
BONES AND JOINTS
Abnormal bone destruction and regrowth of either one or several bones at numerous sites that results in deformity; most commonly occurs in the pelvis, skull, spine, and legs; also called osteitis deformans
Paget disease
PĂ-jĕt
I need the PA to jet over to the hospital to fix my bones that aren’t recycling normally and becoming fragile and deformed
BONES AND JOINTS
Form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency; also called rachitis
rickets
Why are my bones softening, am I melting away, no Rick its from lack of vitamin D
BONES AND JOINTS
Fragment of a necrosed bone that has become separated from surrounding tissue
sequestrum
the jury is sequestered to a separate location so they can deliberate the verdict of the deadly trial
BONES AND JOINTS
Congenital deformity in which the great toe is angled laterally toward the other toes; also called clubfoot
talipes equinovarus
Varius people go the equine club, it’s like a foot away from Talipes house
SPINE
Abnormal deviation of the spine from its normal position that results in a misalignment or exaggeration in certain areas, as occurs in kyphosis, lordosis, and scoliosis
spinal curvatures
SPINE
Increased curvature of the thoracic region of the vertebral column, leading to a humpback posture; also called hunchback
kyphosis
kyph: humpback
-osis: abnormal condition; increase (used primarily with blood cells)
Kyles neck jets phoward because his football pads sit on upperback
SPINE
Forward curvature of the lumbar region of the vertebral column, leading to a swayback posture
lordosis
lord: curve, swayback
-osis: abnormal condition; increase (used primarily with blood cells)
Lourdes daughter likes attention and walks with her butt sticking out
SPINE
Abnormal sideward curvature of the spine to the left or right that eventually causes back pain, disk disease, or arthritis
scoliosis
scoli: crooked, bent
-osis: abnormal condition; increase (used primarily with blood cells)
SPINE
Inflammation of one or more vertebrae
spondylitis
SPINE
Chronic inflammatory disease of unknown origin that first affects the spine and is characterized by fusion and loss of mobility of two or more vertebrae; also called rheumatoid spondylitis
ankylosing spondylitis
spŏn-dĭl-Ī-tĭs
spondyl: vertebra (backbone)
-itis: inflammation
SPINE
Partial forward dislocation of one vertebra over the one below it, most commonly the fifth lumbar vertebra over the first sacral vertebra; also called spinal cord compression
spondylolisthesis
spondyl/o: vertebra (backbone)
-listhesis: slipping
