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Histology Post Midterm > Special Senses Ear > Flashcards

Special Senses Ear Flashcards

1
Q

what makes up the tympanic membrane?

A
  • external surface
  • thin skin
  • collagen fibers
  • simple squamous epithelium
  • inner surface
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2
Q

what is the function of the tympanic membrane?

A

transmit vibrations of sound pressure waves to the middle ear bones

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3
Q

what makes up the middle ear?

A

-ossicles
malleus
incus
stapes

-windows
oval window
round window

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4
Q

in what bone is the inner ear located?

A

pertrous part of temporal bone

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5
Q

what makes up the bony labyrinthe of the inner ear?

A
  • 3 semicircular canals
  • vestibule
  • cochlea —2.5 turns
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6
Q

what makes up the membraneous labyrinth of the inner ear?

A
  • semicircular ducts
  • vestibular labyrinth/duct
  • cochlear labyrinth/duct
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7
Q

what does the membranous labyrinth contain?

A

series of communicating sacs and ducts containing endolymph!

the other spaces that remain contain perilymph

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8
Q

where is the membranous labyrinth located?

A

suspended within bony labyrinth!

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9
Q

what are the subdivisions of the membranous labyrinth?

A 
-vestibular labyrinth
 semicircular duct
 utricle
 saccule
-cochlear labyrinth
 cochlear duct
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10
Q

where is perilymph located?

A

in the body labyrinth

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11
Q

what is perilymph composed of?

A

resembles ECF and CSF - high Na+ and low K+

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12
Q

where is endolymph located?

A

fluid in the membraneous labyrinth

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13
Q

what is the composition of endolymph?

A

similar to ICF - low Na+ and high K+

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14
Q

how are the semicircular canals attached to the vestibule

A

expaned ampulla

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15
Q

what is the vestibule?

A
  • large central cavity
  • contains oval and round windows on lateral wall that leads into cochlear canal
  • reps bony labyrinth
  • contains membranous laby - utricle and saccule
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16
Q

what are the cells of the membranous labyrinth?

A

sensory hair cells

supporting cells

17
Q

what are the endolymph space that sensory hair cells project into?

A 
3 cristae ampullaris - ampullary crests of semicircular ducts
2 maculae
   utricle - macula of utricle
   saccule - macula of saccule
spiral organ of Corti - sound receptor
18
Q

what characteristics do hair cells have?

A

sterocilia that contain actin filaments DUHHH

hair bundle - rows of stereo cilia

kinocilium - contains microtubules - actually move!

19
Q

what generates nerve impulses?

A

deflection of stereocilia during angular acceleration of the head

20
Q

where is the macula contained?

A

within the utricle and saccule

21
Q

what are maculae?

A

sensors of gravity and linear acceleration of the head

22
Q

what is the otolithic membrane (OM)?

A

gelatinous polysaccharide material over the epithelium in maculae

23
Q

what is the otoconia?

A

the outer aspect of OM crystalline bodies of calcium carbonate and protein on maculae

stabilizes the jelly like structure

24
Q

what does the cochlea contain?

A

cochlear duct (scala media)

25
Q

what does the cochlea make 2.5 turns around?

A

modiolus

26
Q

what is the thin body ridge that extends laterally from the modiolus?

A

spiral lamina

27
Q

what is found in scala vestibuli and scala tympani?

A

perilymph

28
Q

what is found in scala media?

A

endolymph

29
Q

what separates the scala vestibuli from the scala media/cochlear duct?

A

Reissner’s membrane/vestibular membrane

30
Q

what separates the cochlear duct/scala media from the scala tympani?

A

basilar membrane

31
Q

how do the two scala (tympani and vestibule) which is one long tube, communicate ?

A

helicotrema - small opening at apex of cochlea

32
Q

what are the histological features of cochlear duct?

A
  • vestibular membrane/Reissner’s
  • stria vascularis - resposible for ionic comp of endolymph
  • organ of corti - contains neuroepithelial hair cells that rest on basilar membrane
33
Q

what are characteristics of the organ or corti?

A

stereocilia

pillar cells

34
Q

what do high frequency sounds cause?

A

max. displacemnt of basilar membrane and the base of cochlea - vibrates

35
Q

what does low frequency sounds cause?

A

apex of cochlea - vibration

Histology Post Midterm (19 decks)

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