Male Reproductive System II Flashcards
where are the tubuli recti?
mediastinum testis
what do the tubule recti convey?
spermatozoa form the seminiferous tubules to the rete testis
what is the lumen of the tubule recti lined by?
sertoli cells – which later changes to a simple cuboidal epithelium (Mv + single flagella)
where is the rete testis located?
mediastinum testis
what is the rate testis and what does the rete testis do?
- labyrinth plexus of anastomosing channels
- connect the tubuli recti with the ductuli efferentes
what type of epithelium lines the rete testis?
simple cuboidal epithelium (+ single flagellum)
what is the ductuli efferentes?
10-20 tubules leading from the rete testis to the ductus epididymis
what lines the ductuli efferentes?
pseudoctratified columnar epithelium - alternating clusters of non-ciliated cuboidal and ciliated columnar
what are the characteristics of the cuboidal cells of the ductuli efferentes?
Mv
lysosomal granules
function to reabsorb fluid from the semen
what is the function of the ciliated columnar cells of the ductuli efferentes?
transporting nonmotile spermatozoa toward the epididymis
where is the circular smooth muscle found in the ductuli efferentes found?
under the basal lamina surrounding the ductuli efferentes epithelium
what are the excretory genital ducts?
ductus epididymis ductus deferens (vas deferens)
what are the two major parts of the ductus deferens?
ampulla
ejaculatory duct
what are the intratesticular genital ducts?
tubuli recti
rete testis
ductuli efferentes
what type of epithelium lines the lumen of the ductus epididymis? What type of cells make up the epithelium?
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
basal and principle cells
what surrounds the ductus epididymis?
CT containing blood vessels
- there is a basal lamina
what are the subdivisions of the ductus epididymis?
head, body, tail
What is the function of basal cells?
precursor to (columnar) principle cells
what do principle cells have on their luminal surface?
stereocilia
- also have SERIOUS organelles
what do principle cells secrete?
glycerophosphocholine
what is glycerophosphocholine?
substance that aids in the maturation of sperm cells - surface associated decapitation factor inhibits capacitation
what is capacitiation?
process when sperm is able to fertilize the ovum - although it beings in the epididymis, it isn’t complete until the sperm reaches the oviduct
what type of epithelium make up the epithelium of the ductus deferens?
pseudostratified epithelium + stereocilia
what are the smooth muscle layers of the ductus deferens?
inner longitudinal
middle circular
outer longitudinal
what is the ampulla?
dilated portion of ductus deferens
leads directly to prostate gland
what does the distal end of the ampulla of the ductus deferens receive?
seminal vesicle = forming the ejaculatory duct that enters the prostate gland
what does the ejaculatory duct lack?
muscular wall
what does the ejaculatory duct terminate to?
slit on the colliculus seminal is - in prostatic urethra
what are the accessory genital glands and what is their primary function?
seminal vesicles
prostate gland
bulbourethral glands
-produce most of the seminal fluid
where do the ducts of the seminal vesicle join just before entering the prostate gland?
ductus deferens
what type of epithelium lines the seminal vesicles?
pseudostratified columnar epithelium - with low columnar and cuboidal basal cells
has a LP + adventitia
what is the height of the cuboidal basal cells of the seminal vesicles dependent on?
testosterone
what do the columnar cells of the seminal vesicles contain?
yellow lipochrome pigment granules and secretory granules
what is the secretory product of the seminal vesicles composed of?
yellow, viscous fluid rich in fructose + other.. - constitutes 70% of the ejaculate
what makes up the prostate gland?
30-50 branched tubuloalveolar glands that empty their contents into the prostatic urethra - via excretory ducts
what are the layers of the prostate gland?
central, transitional, peripheral - all around urethra
what divides the prostate into lobes?
stroma from the capsule
what type of epithelium lines the prostate glands?
simple or pseudostratified columnar epithelium
what is another name for prostatic concretions?
corpora amylacea
what are prostatic concretions composed of and what are they?
composed of glycoprotein - may become calcified and their numbers increase with age
what influences the secretion from the prostate gland?
dihydrotestosterone
what is the secretion of prostate gland composed of?
whitish, thin fluid
proteolytic enzymes, citric acid, acid phosphatase and lipids
what does PSA stand for and what is it?
prostate - specific - antigen
induces elevated acid phosphatase blood levels = prostatic carcinoma
what are the bulbourethral glands (Cowper’s glands) located?
next to membraneous urethra
what do the bulbourethral glands (Cowper’s glands) do?
empty their clear secretion into the lumen to lubricate it
what type of epithelium lines the bulbourethra glands (Cowper’s glands)?
simple cuboidal or columnar epitheium
what does the hypodermis of the penis contain?
smooth muscle (prominent) no adipose tissue!
what happens to the vascular spaces during erection?
engorged = turgid/swollen
what is the singular erectile body that surrounds the spongy urethra?
corpus spongiosum
what is the difference between copora cavernosa and corpus spingiosum?
corpus spongiosum trabeculae has more elastic fibers and only a few smooth muscles
vascular spaces are uniform - in corpus cavernosum - the vascular spaces decides in size towards periphery
what is the gland of Littre?
mucus secreting gland present throughout the length of the penile urethra
the glans penis is the terminal end of what?
corpus spingiosum
