Male Reproductive System I

Question 1

what is the function of the testes?

Answer 1

to produce spermatozoa (sperm) and to synthesize testosterone

Question 2

what are the major accessory glands?

Answer 2

seminal vesicles + single prostate gland

Question 3

what are the minor accesory glands?

Answer 3

two bulbourethral glands

Question 4

what is the function of all the accessory glands?

Answer 4

produce fluid portion of semen - transports and nourishes spermatozoa as they pass through excretory ducts

Question 5

what does the tunica albuginea do in the testes?

Answer 5

thickens posterior to form the mediastinum testis which CT septa arise and divide the organ into 250 compartments

Question 6

how many seminiferous tubules does each lobule testis have? what type of cells can be found here?

Answer 6

1-4 + leydig cells

Question 7

where are the interstitial cells of leydig located?

Answer 7

insterstitial space between seminiferous tubules

Question 8

what do leydig cells produce?

Answer 8

testosterone = endocrine function

Question 9

what stimulates testosterone production by leydig cells?

Answer 9

LH from anterior pituitary

Question 10

where are spermatozoa produced?

Answer 10

seminiferous tubules

Question 11

where are myloid cells that resemble smooth muscle located?

Answer 11

seminiferous tubules

Question 12

what two cells are part of the seminiferous epithelium?

Answer 12

spermatogenic cells –> sertoli cells = nourish spermatogenic cells

Question 13

what is spermatocytogenesis?

Answer 13

division of the spermatogonia to provide continuous supply of cells that will give rise to primary spermatocytes

Question 14

what is meiosis?

Answer 14

2 divisions that reduce the diploid to haploid and produce spermatids

Question 15

what is spermiogenesis?

Answer 15

cytodifferentiation and transformation of spermatids to = spermatozoa

Question 16

what establishes the blood-testis-barrier?

Answer 16

zonulae occludentes of the sertoli cells

Question 17

what types of receptors do the sertoli cells contain

Answer 17

FSH receptors –> when stimulated = androgen-binding protein that binds testosterone - concentrates it to permit sperm maturation

Question 18

what do the sertoli cells secrete?

Answer 18

inhibin - inhibits release of FSH from anteior pituitary

Question 19

what are spermatogenic cells?

Answer 19

spermatogonia
primary spermatocytes
secondary spermatocytes
spermatids
spermatozoa

Question 20

what are the 3 phases of spermatogenesis?

Answer 20

spermatocytogenesis
meisos
spermiogenesis

Question 21

how long does spermatogenesis take?

Answer 21

74 days!

Question 22

what are spermatogonia?

Answer 22

diploid germ cells that sit on the basal lamina

pale A
dark A
Type B

Question 23

what are the largest germ cells in teh seminiferous epithelium?

Answer 23

primary spermatocytes

Question 24

when are acrosome and sperm tail formed?

Answer 24

spermiogenesis

Question 25

what happens during spermiogenesis?

Answer 25

transformation of spermatids into spermatozoa

Question 26

how does spermatogenesis occur

Answer 26

• occurs in wavelike sequences of maturation = cycles of seminiferous epithelium = 16 days long

intercellular bridges
syncytium

Question 27

what are primary spermatocytes?

Answer 27

diploid - 1st mitotic division

Question 28

what are secondary spermatocytes?

Answer 28

haploid - 2nd mitotic division

Question 29

what happens during the golig phase?

Answer 29

formation of acrosomal granule within acrosomal vesicles - centrioles migrate away = flagellar axoneme