SP1: Gastrointestinal Pathology Flashcards
What is the main role of the oesophagus
Carry food from oral cavity into stomach whilst preventing back flow
Name the 6 layers of the oesophagus
E LP MM SM MP A
- Epithelium
- Lamina propria
- Muscularis mucosa
- Sub mucosa
- Muscularis propria
- Adventita
What are some symptoms of Zenker’s diverticulum (3)
- Halitosis
- Dysphagia
- Regurgitation
What causes Zenker’s diverticulum
Weakness in muscle wall
What is achalasia
Motility disorder of oesophagus
Failure of peristaltic mechanism preventing opening of cardiac sphincter
What is Oesophagitis
Inflammation of the oesophagus
What can cause infective Oesophagitis? (4)
- Bacteria
- Virus
- Fungi
- Parasites
What drugs can induce Oesophagitis? (3)
- Aspirin
- Ibuprofen
- Doxycycline
What is Barrett’s oesophagus?
What causes this?
- Replacement of distal oesophageal squamous epithelium by metaplastic columnar epithelium
- Due to acidic environments
What is Gastritis?
Inflammation of the stomach lining
What can cause acute gastritis? (2)
- NSAIDs
- Stress to area
How do NSAIDs cause acute gastritis?
NSAIDs block prostaglandin synthesis
What bacteria is associated with chronic gastritis?
H-Pylori
What is a polyp?
Tumourous masses that protrude into gut lumen
