sos- power of the planet Flashcards
what is the landform cycle and what order does it go in
uplift
weathering
erosion
transportation
deposition
renewed
what are the 3 forms of uplift
folding
volcanic
faulting
what are the different types of volcanoes
calderas
scoria
shield
dome
strato
how are volcanoes formed
formed by plate collision
what is lava
molten rock that has reached the surface to burst or flow from volcanoes
what is magma
molten rock inside the earth
what is the difference between lava and magma
lava has reached the surface to burst or flow
magma is inside the earth
what is viscosity
The thickness of a fluid, and its ability to flow eg. water (low viscosity) and honey (high viscosity)
what is folding
Folding makes fold mountains
They are formed by the folding of rock layers, specifically when rock layers are squeezed together and pushed upward
what are the 3 parts of folded mountains
anticline- The fold mountain
syncline- the valley
monocline- little hill (where there is only 1 fold) it goes flat
what is faulting
where some parts of the earth are pushed upwards (therefore uplift) while others collapse down.
what are the 2 types of faulting
- earthquakes
- mountains
how are eathquakes cuased
by a sudden flip on a fault line
how are fault- block mountains formed
by the movement of blocks when forces in the crust pulls it apart
what is weathering
when rock is dissolved, worn away or broken down into smaller and smaller peices
what are the two types of weathering
chemical and physical
examples of chemical weathering
water, acids, gasses eg waitomo caves
examples of physical weathering
wind, rain, thermal expansion and contraction
what is erosion
wearing away of rocks and how wind, water and gravity carry away particles of rocks and soil broken down by weathering
what are the different types of erosion
wind/ aeolian
rivers/fluvial
waves/coastal
ice/glacial
what is wind/aeolian erosion
over hundreds of years wind blows away particles from the surface of rocks
what is rivers/fluvial erosion
rain splashed onto rocks washes away particles and carries them into rivers
what is ice/glacial erosion
a glacier is a mass of ice that flows down hill/ glaciers make u shape valleys
what is transportation
as a river flow, the water sweeps along any loose soil, sand and rocks
what is deposition
when moving water, ice or wind looses energy the material or sedements carried are then deposited. many landforms are the result
eg. plains or beaches
eg braided rivers/ in plains
what is renewed/ renewal
to begin or take up again
what is uplift
the process by which the earth slowly rises
