Sci- digestion 🐪🐪

Question 1

how does food help us to grow, work and stay healthy

Answer 1

the common features of all living things (MRS C GREN) all need energy which comes from food.
All except cells and nutrition

Question 2

What is absorption

Answer 2

small digested molecules are absorbed into the bloodstream and transported to cells.

Question 3

what is ingestion

Answer 3

food is taken into the body via the act of eating

Question 4

what is egestion

Answer 4

undigested food residues are egested from the body as faeces

Question 5

what is digestion

Answer 5

food is taken down into smaller molecules both physically and chemically

Question 6

what is assimilation

Answer 6

after absorbtion, small digested food molecules are used up by the body

Question 7

where does digestion begin in the human body?

Answer 7

the mouth, when you chew

Question 8

how long is the complete gut in humans

Answer 8

26 ft

Question 9

what is the function of the anus

Answer 9

when your body feels the urge to have a bowel movement muscles in this section of the rectum allows stool to exit the body

Question 10

what is the function of the pancreas

Answer 10

It controls the blood sugar levels in the body and secretes pancreatic juice which contains the enzymes amylase, lipase and trypsin

Question 11

what is the function of the esophagus

Answer 11

food is pushed down the esophagus, mixed in the stomach and pushed through the intestines by peristalsis

Question 12

what is peristalsis and where can it be found in the digestive tract

Answer 12

peristalsis is the circular and longitudinal muscle contractions that push food along the digestive tract. It can be found in your esophagus

Question 13

what is the function of the rectum

Answer 13

Collect and hold your faeces until its time to release it

Question 14

what is the function of the gallbladder

Answer 14

It stores bile produced by the liver. Bile is then released into the duodenum (small intestines) when chyme is present.

Question 15

what does bile do

Answer 15

neutralizes the chyme and helps digest lipids.

Question 16

what is the function of the salivary glands

Answer 16

They secrete saliva, a mixture of water ions, enzymes and mucus. Enzymes start the chemical digestion of starch and lipid (that is breaking large chained molecules into their building blocks).

Question 17

what is the function of the large intestine

Answer 17

it absorbs water and salts from the material that has not been digested as food. It also provides temporary storage for faeces and gets rid of any waste products left over.

Question 18

what is the function of the small intestine

Answer 18

Secretions from the walls of the small intestines , the pancreas and the liver assist with the breakdown of carbohydrates (into glucose), lipids (into glycerol and fatty acids) and proteins (into amino acids)

Question 19

what is the function of the liver

Answer 19

Liver produces bile and stores the absorbed products of digestions.

Question 20

what is the function of the stomach

Answer 20

Both mechanical and chemical digestion occur in the stomach
1. Peristalsis mixes the stomach contents with
pepsin
hydrochloric acid
mucus
2. This turns the food into a liquid called chyme and proteins are broken down into smaller molecules (peptides). The mucus protects the stomach wall from being digested
4. depending it can take several hours to empty the stomach into the small intestines

Question 21

what does the mouth do

Answer 21

teeth chomp and rip food into smaller pieces to increase surface area for chemical digestion.

Question 22

what are villi and why are they important

Answer 22

The inner wall of the small intestines is folded into villi. The outer wall of each villi are made of cells. This is what creates the enormous surface area. They absorb nutrients from the liquid mixture chyme

Question 23

what is an enzyme

Answer 23

Enzymes are catalysts (biological) and increase the rates of a chemical reaction without being used up.

Question 24

what do enzymes do

Answer 24

They are involved in reactions such as respiration
They have an active site where reaction occurs
the substance enters the active site and the products eventually leave the site
enzymes work like a lock and key, they are specific to reaction

Question 25

LOOK AT ENZYME DIAGRAMS

Answer 25

ADO IT

Question 26

What are the types of enzymes that digest carbs, proteins and lipids

Answer 26

lipase- lipids into fatty acids and glycerol molecules- occurs in the small intestine

protease- Protein into smaller amino acid molecules- in the stomach and the small intestine

amylase- produced by salivary glands in the mouth- breakdown starch to glucose- it aslo is produced in the pancreas

Question 27

what is peristalsis

Answer 27

Is the circular and longitudinal muscle contractions that push food along the digestive tract.

Question 28

what is mechanical digestion

Answer 28

cutting, chemical and mixing food is referred to as mechanical digestion

Question 29

what is chemical digestion

Answer 29

Enzymes start the chemical digestion of starch and lipid (that is breaking large chained molecules into their building blocks.