New Zealand and WW1 Flashcards
How long was WW1
1914-1918- 4 years
What is an alliance?
a relationship among groups or states that have joined together for mutual benifit.
Who were the two rival alliances?
The triple alliance and the Triple entente
Who did the triple alliance consist of?
Germany, Austro-Hungarian and Italy
Who did the triple Entene consist of?
France, Britain and Russia
Why did the two alliances form?
The alliance systems formed as countries looked to protect themselves from their rivals in Europe.
The triple alliance was formed in
1882
What to look for in a cartoon interpretation?
- What year and what event it shows
- What symbols being used and how are they effective
- who’s point of view is the cartoon showing
- is this a primary or secondary source
When was Franz Ferdinand heir to the throne of Austro-hungary assasinated?
June 1914
Who was Franz Ferdinand associated by?
An extremist group with ties to Serbia
What happened after Franz Ferdinand was assonated?
- Austria invaded Serbia
- Russia came to Serbia’s aid declaring war on Austria-Hungary
- Austria’s ally, Germany declared war on Russia, scared France might Attack
- Germany then declared war on France as they were allies of Russia
- Germany invaded Belgium to get to France
- Britain had a alliance with Belgium and declared was on Germany
- WW1 had begun
How did NZ get involved with the war?
- When the Great European powers went to war in 1914 their empires went to war also, this made it a world war
- NZ was part of the British empire therefore they had to go to war
- Most Pakeha at the time felt a great loyalty to Britain as many had come from Britain, this urged them to join the war and fight for their country
What was NZ’s first call of action?
The seizure of Samoa which had been controlled by Germany. They were afraid Germany would set up a base there.
How did Samoa react to be taken control of by NZ?
The Samoans were relaxed and didn’t put up a fight. They were hospitable and looked after the soldiers from NZ.
What was the Western Front?
The Western Front was a 400+ mile stretch of land weaving through France and Belgium from the Swiss border to the north sea.
How was the western front the decisive front?
Most of the fighting took place on the western front and whichever side won on the western front would be able to claim victory for their alliance.
Why did trenches become a thing?
When Germany invaded France and Belgium at the start of the war the French and British managed to stop them advancing. The Germans then needed something to stop them needing to retreat further so they dug trenches (big ditches/gullies in the ground). Britain and France then dug trenches to stop Germany advancing.
What is trench warefare?
Trench warfare was when both sides dug trenches making it very hard for either side to get any significant breakthrough as it was easy to defend your territory from the trenches. Trench warfare lasted for over 4 years
What is a stalemate?
A stalemate is a situation in which further action or progress by opposing or competing parties seems impossible.
What were the different parts of a trench?
The parapet (front of trench), dugout (for resting), duckboard, sump, sandbags, ammunition shelf, fire step, elbow rest, barbed wire (in front of parapet).
What were the different parts of a trench?
The parapet (front of trench), dugout (for resting), duckboard, sump, sandbags, ammunition shelf, fire step, elbow rest, barbed wire (in front of parapet).
How did machine guns make it hard to escape the deadlock of trench warfare?
Soldiers had to attack across open ground which made it easy for defenders with machine guns, which could fire 8 bullets per second. This made it easy to prevent successful attacks.
How did No-man’s land make it hard to escape the deadlock of trench warfare?
It was an empty area with lots of obstacles. being in no man’s land made you an easy target as there was no protection.
How did barbed wire make it hard to escape the deadlock of trench warfare?
Barbed wire was put up to make it harder for any advancements. It stopped people bringing in equipment and horses.
