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Musculoskeletal > Soft Tissue Knee Injuries > Flashcards

Soft Tissue Knee Injuries Flashcards

Mr G Foubister

1
Q

what could cause an extensor mechanism rupture? (4)

A

Rectus femoris tear
Quadriceps tendon rupture
Patellar fracture
Patellar tendon rupture

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2
Q

an extensor mechanism injury normally occurs by falling onto a ______ knee with the ___________ contracted

A

flexed knee with quadriceps contracted

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3
Q

people with extensor mechanism rupture are unable to ________ ___ _____.

A

straight leg raise

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4
Q

what is the main purpose of menisci?

A

weight distribution

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5
Q

the medial/lateral plateau is slightly more concave

A

medial

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6
Q

the medial/lateral meniscus is more mobile

A

lateral

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7
Q

the medial/lateral meniscus is under great amount of shear stress

A

medial

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8
Q

name the 3 types of meniscal tears

A

longitudinal
bucket handle
radial
parrot beak

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9
Q

how do most meniscal tears occur?

A

sporting injury in younger patients

getting up from squatting position in younger patients

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10
Q

__% of ACL ruptures have meniscal tears

A

50

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11
Q

how do you investigate meniscal tears?

A

MRI

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12
Q

______ meniscal tears are much more common (x10 more) that _______ meniscal tears

A

medial more common than lateral

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13
Q

what type of meniscal tears don’t heal?

A

radial

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14
Q

only peripheral 1/3 of menisci has blood supply

true or false?

A

true

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15
Q

when should you consider arthroscopic menisectomy?

A

mechanical symptoms

painful catching or locking

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16
Q

Acute locked knee signifies displaced ______ ______ meniscal tear and requires urgent _______

A

bucket handle - urgent surgery

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17
Q

MCL resists ______ stress

A

valgus

18
Q

LCL resists _____ stress

A

varus

19
Q

ACL resists anterior subluxation of the _____ and ________ rotation of the tibia in extension

A

anterior subluxation of the tibia and internal rotation of the tibia in extension

20
Q

PCL resists _________ subluxation of the _____ i.e. anterior ___________ of the _____ and hyperextension of the ____

A

posterior subluxation of the tibia i.e. anterior subluxation of the femur and hyperextension of the knee

21
Q

MCL rupture may lead to ______ instability

A

valgus

22
Q

ACL rupture may lead to ________ instability

A

rotatory

23
Q

PCL rupture may lead to recurrent ______________ or instability when __________ stairs

A

hyperextension

descending stairs

24
Q

MCL usually heals well

true or false?

A

true

25
Q

___ is the main stabiliser against IR of tibia

A

ACL

26
Q

ACL repair does not work - reconstruction only

true or false?

A

true

27
Q

ACL:

autograft -
allograft -

A

autograft - hamstring or patellar tendon

allograft - achilles

28
Q

ACL - rule of _______

A

thirds

29
Q

ACL rupture surgery is considered when rotary instability is not responding to ______

A

physio

30
Q

LCL injury is relatively ________

A

uncommon

31
Q

what does the knee look like in LCL rupture?

A

varus and hyperextension

32
Q

does LCL heal?

A

no

33
Q

LCL injury often occurs in combination with PCL and ACL injury

true or false?

A

true

34
Q

rupture of LCL needs urgent ______ if early but ______________ later

A

repair then reconstruction

35
Q

direct blow to the anterior tibia such as on a motorbike results in rupture of what?

A

PCL

36
Q

knee dislocation is a serious high energy injury with high incidence complications such as… (3)

A

popliteal artery injury
nerve injury - common perineal nerve
compartment syndrome

37
Q

mechanism of injury:

valgus - 
twisting - 
varus -  
hyperextension - 
getting up from squatting -
A 
valgus - MCL
twisting - ACL or meniscal
varus -  LCL
hyperextension - PCL
getting up from squatting - meniscal
38
Q

Football injury, twist, pop, haemarthrosis, generalised pain, pain settles after a few days, rotatory instability =

A

ACL rupture

39
Q

Getting up from squatting, sudden sharp pain medial joint line, effusion, recurrent medial pain & catching +/- locking =

A

Meniscal tear

40
Q

Q: What do you call white people running down a hill?
A: An avalanche.
Q: What do you call Mexicans running down a hill?
A: A mudslide.
Q: What do you call black people running down a hill?
A; ?

A

A jail break

Musculoskeletal (37 decks)

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