MSK Histology Flashcards
Dr P Felts
describe a skeletal muscle cell
striated
unbranched
multinucleated
what is the cell membrane in a skeletal muscle cell also called?
sarcolemma
what are the bundles that muscle fibres are grouped into called?
fascicle
what is the connective tissue that covers a single muscle fibre called?
endomysium
what is the connective tissue that covers a single fascicle called?
perimysium
what is the connective tissue that covers the muscle as a whole called?
epimysium
describe the organisation of the muscle
muscle fibre contain many myofibrils with each consisting of many sarcomeres
what is the unit of contraction in muscle cells?
sarcomere
what does the sarcomere extend from and to?
z line
what does a motor unit consist of?
one motor neurone and all of the muscle fibres that it innervates
what does a fewer number of muscle fibre in a motor unit result in?
a finer control of movement
what is the special name of synapse in muscles?
neuromuscular junction
how many types of skeletal muscle fibre are there? name them.
3
type I
type IIA
type IIB
describe type I
slowly contracting fibres
is cartilage permeable?
yes
bone is not permeable
what are the cells found in cartilage called?
chondrocytes (chondroblasts when immature
what is the name of the extracellular metric chondrocytes live in?
lacuna
what type of collagen is most common in cartilage?
type II cartilage
name the 3 types of cartilage
hyaline
elastic
fibrocartilage
what is the most common type of cartilage?
hyaline
blue-white in colour
what colour is elastic cartilage?
light yellow - flexible
what colour is elastic cartilage?
light yellow - flexible
describe fibrocartilage
hybrid of tendon and hyaline cartilage
type I collagen
appears white
name the 2 types of bone
cortical bone
cancellous/trabecular bone
where on the bone is cortical bone seen?
outer shell
shaft
what is the other word of the shaft of the bone?
diaphysis
where does cancellous/trabecular bone occupy?
ends of bone
what is the other word for end of bone?
epiphyses
what are the living cells contained in cortical bone called?
osteocytes
cortical bone penetrated by blood vessels forming what?
canals
cortical bone penetrated by blood vessels forming what?
canals
what are the lines that are often visible surrounding the osteon termed?
cement lines
name the cell:
located on bone surfaces, for example under the periosteum, these cells serve as a pool of reserve osteoblasts
Osteoprogenitor cells
name the cell:
bone forming cells found on the surface of developing bone. They have plentiful RER and prominent mitochondria
osteoblasts
name the cell:
a bone cell trapped within the bone matrix
osteocytes
name the cell:
large (up to 40µm or more) multinucleated cells. They are found on the surface of bone and are responsible for bone resorption
osteoclasts
what is the collective term given to the components that osteoblasts secrete?
osteoid
Younger osteons often partially obliterate older osteons
true or false?
true
what is the name of the bone that is laid down following a break?
woven bone
how does woven bone differ to normal lamellar bone?
collagen is laid in haphazard fashion in comparison to one direction in lamellar bone
woven bon dis not as strong as lamellar bone
