Immunology of Autoimmune Diseases Flashcards
Dr S Matthews
what antibody is associated with type II and III hypersensitivity reactions?
IgG
what antibody is found at mucosal surfaces?
IgA
name the 2 different types of immune response
innate
acquired
in which response is there no immunological memory?
innate
which response is non-specific?
innate
which response is associated with regulatory T cells?
acquired
which response has memory?
acquired
which response distinguishes self from non-self?
acquired
what is another name for T Helper cells?
CD4+ T cells
what is another name for CD8+ T cells?
cytotoxic T-cells
what are CD4+ T cells associated with?
MHC class II cells
what are MHC class 2 cells present on?
Antigen-pressenting cells
what are CD8+ T cells associated with?
MHC class I cells
where are MHC class I cells present?
all cells of body
what gene mutation is important in IPEX syndrome?
FOXP3 gene
HLA (MHC) genes important too
Goodpasture syndrome is a type of what hypersensitivity reaction?
type II
SystemicLupus Erythmatosus is a type of what hypersensitivity reaction?
type III
what antibodies are seen in type II reactions?
IgG and IgM
what are type II reactions mediated by?
cell-mediated immune complexes
what type of reaction is TB?
type IV
what is type IV reactions mediated by?
T cells
what auto-antibody is important in MG?
auto-IgG
in MG, what are CD4+ T cells activated by?
unfolded AChR subunits
what are unfolded AChR subunits expressed by?
thymic epitelial cells
what do effector TH cells stimulate auto-reactive B cells to produce in MG?
AChR antibodies
what do AChR antibodies attack?
thymic thyoid cells
what do thymic thyoid cells release in response to attack?
AChR-immune complexes
what do AChR-immune complexes
activate to further the response?
other APCs
These AChR antibodies block binding of what? leading to defects in nerve impulse transmission at the NMJ.
endogenous ACh to the receptors
what is the treatment of MG to increase neurotransmission?
anti-cholinesterase agents
what is the treatment of MG to reduce autoimmunity?
methotrexate, azathioprine and corticosteroids
IV IgG
name the new terminal pathway complement inhibitor drug for MG
Eculizumab
what is the surgery in the treatment of MG called?
thymectomy
what type of response is seen in RA?
Type IV
HLA-DR4, is the major susceptibility haplotype in most ethnic groups
what type of reaction is MG?
type II reaction
