Anatomy of the Upper Limb

Question 1

name the joint and the type of joint in the wrist

Answer 1

radiocarpal joint
(ellipsoid type)

Question 2

name the joint and the type of joint between the bones of the forearm

Answer 2

proximal radioulnar joint
(pivot type)

distal radioulnar joint
(pivot type)

Question 3

name the joint and the type of joint in the elbow (2)

Answer 3

humeroulnar and radiohumeral joints

hinge type

Question 4

name the ball and socket type joint in the shoulder

Answer 4

glenohumeral joint

Question 5

name the other type of joint in the shoulder and the type it is

Answer 5

acromoclavicular joint
(plane type)

Question 6

name the joint and the type of joint in midline of the upper thorax

Answer 6

sternoclaviclar joint 
(saddle type)

Question 7

in the forearm, the ______ moves over the ____ during pronation

Answer 7

radius moves over the ulna during pronation

Question 8

what degree of ration does the thumb have?

Answer 8

90 degrees

Question 9

what type of joint is the 5th MCP joint?

Answer 9

condyloid type

Question 10

what type of joint is the 1st CMC joint?

Answer 10

saddle type

Question 11

name the 4 main axis-appendicular muscles

Answer 11

1. trapezius
2. serratus anterior
3. rhomboid minor
4. rhomboid major

Question 12

name the other 3 axioappendicular muscles

Answer 12

1. Subclavius
2. Latissimus dorsi
3. Levator scapula

Question 13

what is trapezius innervated by?

Answer 13

CNXI

Question 14

what is serratus anterior innervated by?

Answer 14

long thoracic nerve

Question 15

what is rhomboid major and minor innervated by?

Answer 15

dorsal scapula nerve

Question 16

what is levator scapulae innervated by?

Answer 16

dorsal scapula nerve

Question 17

how many rotator cuff muscles are there? name them

Answer 17

1. supraspinatus
2. infraspinatus
3. teres minor
4. subscapularis

Question 18

which 3 muscles attach the the greater tuberosity?

Answer 18

1. supraspinatus
2. infraspinatus
3. teres minor

Question 19

where does subscapularis attach?

Answer 19

lesser tuberosity

Question 20

what fraction of the humeral head is in contact with the glenoid fossa at any time?

Answer 20

1/3rd

Question 21

name the 3 muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm

Answer 21

Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis

Question 22

name the innervation of the 3 muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm

Answer 22

Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 23

name the action of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm

Answer 23

flexion of the arm and forearm

Question 24

what muscle also supinates the forearm?

Answer 24

biceps brachii

Question 25

name the muscle in the posterior compartment of the arm

Answer 25

triceps brachii

Question 26

what innervates the triceps brachii?

Answer 26

radial nerve

Question 27

what is the action of the triceps brachii?

Answer 27

extension of the arm and forearm

Question 28

how many layers are in the anterior compartment of the forearm? name them.

Answer 28

1. superficial layer 2. intermediate layer 3. deep layer

Question 29

name the 4 muscles situated in the superficial layer of the anterior forearm

Answer 29

pronator teres flexor carpi radialis flexor carpi ulnaris palmaris longus

Question 30

name the muscle in the intermediate layer of the forearm

Answer 30

flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 31

name the 3 muscles in the deep layer of the forearm

Answer 31

flexor pollicis longus flexor digitorum profundis pronator quadratus

Question 32

name the innervation of the forearm and outline the 2 exceptions

Answer 32

ALL median nerve except flexor carpi ulnaris and medial half of flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 33

what innervates the flexor carpi ulnaris and medial half of flexor digitorum superficialis

Answer 33

ulnar nerve

Question 34

name the actions of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm (4)

Answer 34

Flexion of the wrist and digits pronation abduction and adduction of the wrist

Question 35

the muscles of the posterior aspect of the forearm are broken into 2 layers - what are they?

Answer 35

superficial and deep

Question 36

how many muscles make up the superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm?

Answer 36

7

Question 37

name the 7 muscles that make up the superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm

Answer 37

1. brachioradialis 2. extensor carpi radialis longus 3. extensor carpi radialis brevis 4. anconeus 5. extensor digitorum 6. extensor carpi ulnaris 7. extensor digiti minimi

Question 38

how many muscles make up the deep layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm?

Answer 38

5

Question 39

name the 5 muscles that make up the deep layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm

Answer 39

1. supinator 2. abductor pollicis longus 3. extensor pollicis longus 4. extensor pollicis brevis 5. extensor indicis

Question 40

name the nerve that innervates the muscles of the posterior compartment of the forearm

Answer 40

radial nerve

Question 41

list the actions of the muscles of the posterior compartment of the forearm (4)

Answer 41

extension of the wrist and digits supination abduction and adduction of the wrist

Question 42

name the 2 eminences of the hand

Answer 42

thenar eminence | hypothenar eminence

Question 43

which eminence is affected by carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer 43

thenar eminence

Question 44

name the 3 muscles which make up the thenar eminence

Answer 44

Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis Opponens pollicis

Question 45

name the 3 muscles which make up the hypothenar eminence

Answer 45

Abductor digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi brevis Opponens digiti minimi

Question 46

which nerve and which part of it innervates the thenar eminence?

Answer 46

Recurrent branch of the median nerve

Question 47

which nerve and which part of it innervates the hypothenar eminence?

Answer 47

Deep branch of the ulnar nerve

Question 48

what muscles of the hand are attached to tendons of Flexor digitorum profundus?

Answer 48

lumbricals

Question 49

what muscle is responsible for abduction of the digits?

Answer 49

Dorsal interossei (DAB)

Question 50

what muscle is responsible for adduction of the digits?

Answer 50

Palmar interossei (PAD)

Question 51

name the 2 innervations of the lumbricals

Answer 51

``` Median nerve (lateral 2) Ulnar nerve (medial 2) ```

Question 52

what nerve innervates the interosseis?

Answer 52

ulnar nerve

Question 53

where does the brachial plexus originate from?

Answer 53

anterior rami of C5-T1

Question 54

list the parts the brachial plexus (5)

Answer 54

``` Roots Trunks Divisions Cords Nerves ``` (Really Tired Drink Coffee Now)

Question 55

name the spinal nerves in the brachial plexus (roots)

Answer 55

``` C5 C6 C7 C8 - note you do not have a C8 vertebral level T1 ```

Question 56

how are the trunks in the brachial plexus named?

Answer 56

superior medial inferior

Question 57

how are the divisions in the brachial plexus named?

Answer 57

anterior and posterior

Question 58

how are the cords in the brachial plexus named?

Answer 58

lateral posterior medial

Question 59

what is compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer 59

median nerve

Question 60

what muscle does carpal tunnel cause weakness in?

Answer 60

thenar muscles

Question 61

in which digits is numbness felt in carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer 61

digits 1-3 and lateral half of digit 4

Question 62

list the changing names of the arteries in the upper limb

Answer 62

``` subclavian axillary brachial radial and ulnar superficial palmar arch deep palmar arch ```

Question 63

where are there anastomosis in the upper limb?

Answer 63

elbow and scapula

Question 64

name the 3 scapular anastomosis

Answer 64

Suprascapular artery Dorsal scapular artery Circumflex scapular artery

Question 65

veins in the upper limb follow ________ and share similar _____. they are seen in sheaths with arteries - this is known as ____ __________ and are highly ________

Answer 65

veins in the upper limb follow arteries and share similar names. they are seen in sheaths with arteries - this is known as vena comitantes and are highly variable