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Musculoskeletal > Anatomy of the Upper Limb > Flashcards

Anatomy of the Upper Limb Flashcards

Mr L Reid

1
Q

name the joint and the type of joint in the wrist

A 
radiocarpal joint
(ellipsoid type)
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2
Q

name the joint and the type of joint between the bones of the forearm

A

proximal radioulnar joint
(pivot type)

distal radioulnar joint
(pivot type)

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3
Q

name the joint and the type of joint in the elbow (2)

A

humeroulnar and radiohumeral joints

hinge type

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4
Q

name the ball and socket type joint in the shoulder

A

glenohumeral joint

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5
Q

name the other type of joint in the shoulder and the type it is

A 
acromoclavicular joint
(plane type)
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6
Q

name the joint and the type of joint in midline of the upper thorax

A 
sternoclaviclar joint 
(saddle type)
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7
Q

in the forearm, the ______ moves over the ____ during pronation

A

radius moves over the ulna during pronation

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8
Q

what degree of ration does the thumb have?

A

90 degrees

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9
Q

what type of joint is the 5th MCP joint?

A

condyloid type

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10
Q

what type of joint is the 1st CMC joint?

A

saddle type

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11
Q

name the 4 main axis-appendicular muscles

A
  1. trapezius
  2. serratus anterior
  3. rhomboid minor
  4. rhomboid major
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12
Q

name the other 3 axioappendicular muscles

A
  1. Subclavius
  2. Latissimus dorsi
  3. Levator scapula
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13
Q

what is trapezius innervated by?

A

CNXI

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14
Q

what is serratus anterior innervated by?

A

long thoracic nerve

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15
Q

what is rhomboid major and minor innervated by?

A

dorsal scapula nerve

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16
Q

what is levator scapulae innervated by?

A

dorsal scapula nerve

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17
Q

how many rotator cuff muscles are there? name them

A
  1. supraspinatus
  2. infraspinatus
  3. teres minor
  4. subscapularis
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18
Q

which 3 muscles attach the the greater tuberosity?

A
  1. supraspinatus
  2. infraspinatus
  3. teres minor
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19
Q

where does subscapularis attach?

A

lesser tuberosity

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20
Q

what fraction of the humeral head is in contact with the glenoid fossa at any time?

A

1/3rd

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21
Q

name the 3 muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm

A

Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis

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22
Q

name the innervation of the 3 muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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23
Q

name the action of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm

A

flexion of the arm and forearm

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24
Q

what muscle also supinates the forearm?

A

biceps brachii

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25
Q

name the muscle in the posterior compartment of the arm

A

triceps brachii

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26
Q

what innervates the triceps brachii?

A

radial nerve

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27
Q

what is the action of the triceps brachii?

A

extension of the arm and forearm

28
Q

how many layers are in the anterior compartment of the forearm? name them.

A
  1. superficial layer
  2. intermediate layer
  3. deep layer
29
Q

name the 4 muscles situated in the superficial layer of the anterior forearm

A

pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
flexor carpi ulnaris
palmaris longus

30
Q

name the muscle in the intermediate layer of the forearm

A

flexor digitorum superficialis

31
Q

name the 3 muscles in the deep layer of the forearm

A

flexor pollicis longus
flexor digitorum profundis
pronator quadratus

32
Q

name the innervation of the forearm and outline the 2 exceptions

A

ALL median nerve

except flexor carpi ulnaris and medial half of flexor digitorum superficialis

33
Q

what innervates the flexor carpi ulnaris and medial half of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

ulnar nerve

34
Q

name the actions of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm (4)

A

Flexion of the wrist and digits
pronation
abduction and adduction of the wrist

35
Q

the muscles of the posterior aspect of the forearm are broken into 2 layers - what are they?

A

superficial and deep

36
Q

how many muscles make up the superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

7

37
Q

name the 7 muscles that make up the superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm

A
  1. brachioradialis
  2. extensor carpi radialis longus
  3. extensor carpi radialis brevis
  4. anconeus
  5. extensor digitorum
  6. extensor carpi ulnaris
  7. extensor digiti minimi
38
Q

how many muscles make up the deep layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

5

39
Q

name the 5 muscles that make up the deep layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm

A
  1. supinator
  2. abductor pollicis longus
  3. extensor pollicis longus
  4. extensor pollicis brevis
  5. extensor indicis
40
Q

name the nerve that innervates the muscles of the posterior compartment of the forearm

A

radial nerve

41
Q

list the actions of the muscles of the posterior compartment of the forearm (4)

A

extension of the wrist and digits
supination
abduction and adduction of the wrist

42
Q

name the 2 eminences of the hand

A

thenar eminence

hypothenar eminence

43
Q

which eminence is affected by carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

thenar eminence

44
Q

name the 3 muscles which make up the thenar eminence

A

Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis

45
Q

name the 3 muscles which make up the hypothenar eminence

A

Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Opponens digiti minimi

46
Q

which nerve and which part of it innervates the thenar eminence?

A

Recurrent branch of the median nerve

47
Q

which nerve and which part of it innervates the hypothenar eminence?

A

Deep branch of the ulnar nerve

48
Q

what muscles of the hand are attached to tendons of Flexor digitorum profundus?

A

lumbricals

49
Q

what muscle is responsible for abduction of the digits?

A

Dorsal interossei (DAB)

50
Q

what muscle is responsible for adduction of the digits?

A

Palmar interossei (PAD)

51
Q

name the 2 innervations of the lumbricals

A 
Median nerve (lateral 2) 
Ulnar nerve (medial 2)
52
Q

what nerve innervates the interosseis?

A

ulnar nerve

53
Q

where does the brachial plexus originate from?

A

anterior rami of C5-T1

54
Q

list the parts the brachial plexus (5)

A 
Roots
Trunks
Divisions
Cords
Nerves

(Really Tired Drink Coffee Now)

55
Q

name the spinal nerves in the brachial plexus (roots)

A 
C5
C6
C7
C8 - note you do not have a C8 vertebral level
T1
56
Q

how are the trunks in the brachial plexus named?

A

superior
medial
inferior

57
Q

how are the divisions in the brachial plexus named?

A

anterior and posterior

58
Q

how are the cords in the brachial plexus named?

A

lateral
posterior
medial

59
Q

what is compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

median nerve

60
Q

what muscle does carpal tunnel cause weakness in?

A

thenar muscles

61
Q

in which digits is numbness felt in carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

digits 1-3 and lateral half of digit 4

62
Q

list the changing names of the arteries in the upper limb

A 
subclavian
axillary
brachial
radial and ulnar
superficial palmar arch deep palmar arch
63
Q

where are there anastomosis in the upper limb?

A

elbow and scapula

64
Q

name the 3 scapular anastomosis

A

Suprascapular artery
Dorsal scapular artery
Circumflex scapular artery

65
Q

veins in the upper limb follow ________ and share similar _____. they are seen in sheaths with arteries - this is known as ____ __________ and are highly ________

A

veins in the upper limb follow arteries and share similar names. they are seen in sheaths with arteries - this is known as vena comitantes and are highly variable

Musculoskeletal (37 decks)

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