Shoulder Problems

Question 1

Age of presentation:

20-30s -
30-40s -
40-50s - 
50-60s -
>60 -

Answer 1

20-30s - instability
30-40s - impingement
40-50s - frozen shoulder
50-60s - rotator cuff tear
>60 - arthritis

Question 2

name the intrinsic muscle of the shoulder

Answer 2

rotator cuff
supraspinatous
infraspinatous
teres minor
subscapularis

Question 3

name the extrinsic muscles of the shoulder

Answer 3

deltoid

trapezium

Question 4

shoulder instability is seen in who?

Answer 4

teenage to 30s
young
sporty

Question 5

what is shoulder instability normally due to?

Answer 5

trauma

Question 6

what is anterior shoulder dislocation due to?

Answer 6

trauma/sport

Question 7

what is posterior shoulder dislocation due to?

Answer 7

electrocution and epileptic fits

‘light bulb sign’ on XR

Question 8

name the methods used to put a anterior dislocated shoulder back in place

Answer 8

kocher method
hippocratic method
Stimson method

Question 9

name 2 syndrome that result in hyper-flexibility

Answer 9

EDS

marfans

Question 10

name the associated injuries with shoulder instability

Answer 10

labral lesion - Bankart
fracture humeral head - Hill Sachs
fracture of glenoid - Bony Bankart
rotator cuff tear

Question 11

what is the treatment in shoulder instability?

Answer 11

physiotherapy

Question 12

the younger the patient the ______ the risk of recurrent dislocation

Answer 12

higher the risk

Question 13

shoulder instability buzzwords

Answer 13

young and sporty
traumatic
Bankart lesions
surgical or physiotherapy

Question 14

name the intrinsic and extrinsic causes of impingement in the shoulder

Answer 14

intrinsic -

tendon vascularity
watershed area
tendon degeneration
cuff dysfunction

extrinsic -

external ‘pressure’

Question 15

name the types of impingenent in the different age groups:

<30s - 
30-40s - 
40-50s - 
50-60s - 
>60s -

Answer 15

<30s - RC tendonitis/subacromial burisitis
30-40s - calcific tendonitis
40-50s - tendinitis/ partial RC tears
50-60s - cuff tear
>60s - cuff arthropathy

Question 16

what is the duration you must wait before you commence surgery on shoulder impingement?

Answer 16

6 months

Question 17

what is the surgery performed in shoulder impingement?

Answer 17

arthroscopic/ open subacromial

Question 18

shoulder impingement buzzwords

Answer 18

common
resolves in most cases
30-40s
painful arc
physio and steroid injection
surgery as last resort

Question 19

what is the presentation in cuff tears?

Answer 19

50-60s
gray hair = cuff tear
wasting of muscle
active < passive
weak

Question 20

frozen should is more common in females

true or false?

Answer 20

true

Question 21

what conditions is frozen shoulder associated with?

Answer 21

diabetes
lipid and endocrine disease
Dupuytrens disease

Question 22

is there adhesion in frozen shoulder?

Answer 22

no

Question 23

what are the 3 phases of frozen shoulder?

Answer 23

freezing
frozen
thawing

Question 24

what is the main symptoms in frozen shoulder?

Answer 24

pain and stiffness

Question 25

are radiographs normal in frozen shoulder?

Answer 25

yes

Question 26

what are the management options in frozen shoulder?

Answer 26

manipulation under IV

arthroscopic capsular release

Question 27

what is the surgical intervention in shoulder arthritis?

Answer 27

total shoulder replacement

Question 28

name the acronym for medical nerve innervation

Answer 28

LOAF