Clinical Anatomy of the Lower limb

Question 1

iliacus and psoas major are ___ _______

Answer 1

hip flexors

Question 2

name the origin and the insertion of the iliacus muscle:

origin -
insertion -

Answer 2

origin - iliac crest/ inner aspect of the ilium

insertion - lesser trochanter of the femur

Question 3

name the origin and the insertion of the psoas major muscle:

origin -
insertion -

Answer 3

origin - transverse processes - L1-L5

insertion - lesser trochanter of the femur

Question 4

name the 2 secondary hip flexors that are more important extensors of the knee

Answer 4

rectus femoris

sartorius

Question 5

name the origin and the insertion of the rectus femoris muscle:

origin -
insertion -

Answer 5

origin - AIIS

insertion - tibia via patella tendon

Question 6

name the origin and the insertion of the sartorius muscle:

origin -
insertion -

Answer 6

origin - ASIS
insertion - tibia

also externally rotates hip

Question 7

name the 5 hip adductors

Answer 7

ADDUCTR BREVIS
ADDUCTOR LONGUS
ADDUCTOR MAGNUS
PECTINEUS
GRACILIS

Question 8

what is the common origin of the 5 hip adductors?

Answer 8

inferior pubic rami

Question 9

name the 3 insertion points of the hip adductors

Answer 9

linea aspera
pectineal line
tibia

Question 10

name the 3 hip abductors

Answer 10

gluteus miniums
gluteus medius
tensor fascia lata

Question 11

name the origin and the insertion of the gluteus minimum and medius muscles:

origin -
insertion -

Answer 11

origin - iliac wing

insertion - greater trochanter of femur

Question 12

name the origin and the insertion of the tensor fascia late muscle:

origin -
insertion -

Answer 12

origin - iliac crest

insertion - lateral tibia via iliotibial tract

Question 13

the gluteus maximus is a ___ ________

Answer 13

hip extensor

Question 14

name the origin and the insertion of the gluteus maximus muscle:

origin -
insertion -

Answer 14

origin - posterior aspect of ilium/sacrum

insertion - iliotibial tract

Question 15

name the 3 parts of the hamstring muscles

Answer 15

biceps femoris
semimembranosus
semitendinosus

Question 16

the hamstring muscles are ___ _________ and ____ _______

Answer 16

hip extensors and knee flexors

Question 17

name the origin and the insertion of the biceps femoris muscle:

origin -
insertion -

Answer 17

origin:

Long head - Ischial tuberosity
Short head - Linea aspera

insertion - fibula head

Question 18

name the origin and the insertion of the semimembranosus muscle:

origin -
insertion -

Answer 18

origin - ischial tuberosity

insertion - posterior tibia

Question 19

name the origin and the insertion of the semitendinosus muscle:

origin -
insertion -

Answer 19

origin - ischial tuberosity

insertion - medial tibia

Question 20

lateral hip pain is a presentation in what clinical issue?

Answer 20

trochanteric bursitis

Question 21

name the collateral ligaments in the knee

Answer 21

lateral and medial

Question 22

what is the clinical issue in collateral ligaments of the knee?

Answer 22

tear

Question 23

name the 2 cruciate ligaments

Answer 23

ACL and PCL

Question 24

what does ACL resist?

Answer 24

Resists anterior translation and external rotation of the tibia on the femur

Question 25

what does PCL resist?

Answer 25

Resists posterior translation of the tibia on the femur

Question 26

what are the important functions of the meniscus?

Answer 26

shock absorbers
increase femur-tibial conformity
stabilise the knee during movement
lubricate the knee

Question 27

ACL is situated like…

Answer 27

hands in pockets

Question 28

name the 4 parts of the quadriceps muscle

Answer 28

rectus femoris
vastus intermedius
vastus medialis
vastus laterlais

Question 29

the quadriceps muscles are ____ _________

Answer 29

knee extensors

Question 30

name the common insertion of the quadriceps muscle

Answer 30

tibia via patellar tendon

Question 31

name the origin of the rectus femoris

Answer 31

AIIS

Question 32

name the origin of the vastus intermdius

Answer 32

anterolateral prox. femur

Question 33

name the origin of the vastus medialis

Answer 33

Medial edge linea aspera Greater troachanter

Question 34

name the origin of the vastus lateralis

Answer 34

Medial edge linea aspera Lesser troachanter

Question 35

name the 3 ankle plantarflexors

Answer 35

gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris

Question 36

name the origin of the gastrocnemius muscle

Answer 36

femoral condyles

Question 37

name the origin of the soleus muscle

Answer 37

broad area on posterior tibia/fibula

Question 38

name the origin of the plantaris muscle

Answer 38

lateral femoral condyle

Question 39

name the common insertion of the ankle plantar flexor muscles?

Answer 39

calcaneus via achilles tendon

Question 40

name the 2 bones in the foot that are commonly fractures

Answer 40

metatarsals and phalanges