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Musculoskeletal > Clinical Anatomy of the Lower limb > Flashcards

Clinical Anatomy of the Lower limb Flashcards

Miss S Gill

1
Q

iliacus and psoas major are ___ _______

A

hip flexors

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2
Q

name the origin and the insertion of the iliacus muscle:

origin -
insertion -

A

origin - iliac crest/ inner aspect of the ilium

insertion - lesser trochanter of the femur

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3
Q

name the origin and the insertion of the psoas major muscle:

origin -
insertion -

A

origin - transverse processes - L1-L5

insertion - lesser trochanter of the femur

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4
Q

name the 2 secondary hip flexors that are more important extensors of the knee

A

rectus femoris

sartorius

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5
Q

name the origin and the insertion of the rectus femoris muscle:

origin -
insertion -

A

origin - AIIS

insertion - tibia via patella tendon

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6
Q

name the origin and the insertion of the sartorius muscle:

origin -
insertion -

A

origin - ASIS
insertion - tibia

also externally rotates hip

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7
Q

name the 5 hip adductors

A 
ADDUCTR BREVIS
ADDUCTOR LONGUS
ADDUCTOR MAGNUS
PECTINEUS
GRACILIS
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8
Q

what is the common origin of the 5 hip adductors?

A

inferior pubic rami

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9
Q

name the 3 insertion points of the hip adductors

A

linea aspera
pectineal line
tibia

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10
Q

name the 3 hip abductors

A

gluteus miniums
gluteus medius
tensor fascia lata

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11
Q

name the origin and the insertion of the gluteus minimum and medius muscles:

origin -
insertion -

A

origin - iliac wing

insertion - greater trochanter of femur

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12
Q

name the origin and the insertion of the tensor fascia late muscle:

origin -
insertion -

A

origin - iliac crest

insertion - lateral tibia via iliotibial tract

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13
Q

the gluteus maximus is a ___ ________

A

hip extensor

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14
Q

name the origin and the insertion of the gluteus maximus muscle:

origin -
insertion -

A

origin - posterior aspect of ilium/sacrum

insertion - iliotibial tract

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15
Q

name the 3 parts of the hamstring muscles

A

biceps femoris
semimembranosus
semitendinosus

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16
Q

the hamstring muscles are ___ _________ and ____ _______

A

hip extensors and knee flexors

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17
Q

name the origin and the insertion of the biceps femoris muscle:

origin -
insertion -

A

origin:

Long head - Ischial tuberosity
Short head - Linea aspera

insertion - fibula head

18
Q

name the origin and the insertion of the semimembranosus muscle:

origin -
insertion -

A

origin - ischial tuberosity

insertion - posterior tibia

19
Q

name the origin and the insertion of the semitendinosus muscle:

origin -
insertion -

A

origin - ischial tuberosity

insertion - medial tibia

20
Q

lateral hip pain is a presentation in what clinical issue?

A

trochanteric bursitis

21
Q

name the collateral ligaments in the knee

A

lateral and medial

22
Q

what is the clinical issue in collateral ligaments of the knee?

23
Q

name the 2 cruciate ligaments

A

ACL and PCL

24
Q

what does ACL resist?

A

Resists anterior translation and external rotation of the tibia on the femur

25
Q

what does PCL resist?

A

Resists posterior translation of the tibia on the femur

26
Q

what are the important functions of the meniscus?

A

shock absorbers
increase femur-tibial conformity
stabilise the knee during movement
lubricate the knee

27
Q

ACL is situated like…

A

hands in pockets

28
Q

name the 4 parts of the quadriceps muscle

A

rectus femoris
vastus intermedius
vastus medialis
vastus laterlais

29
Q

the quadriceps muscles are ____ _________

A

knee extensors

30
Q

name the common insertion of the quadriceps muscle

A

tibia via patellar tendon

31
Q

name the origin of the rectus femoris

32
Q

name the origin of the vastus intermdius

A

anterolateral prox. femur

33
Q

name the origin of the vastus medialis

A

Medial edge linea aspera Greater troachanter

34
Q

name the origin of the vastus lateralis

A

Medial edge linea aspera Lesser troachanter

35
Q

name the 3 ankle plantarflexors

A

gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris

36
Q

name the origin of the gastrocnemius muscle

A

femoral condyles

37
Q

name the origin of the soleus muscle

A

broad area on posterior tibia/fibula

38
Q

name the origin of the plantaris muscle

A

lateral femoral condyle

39
Q

name the common insertion of the ankle plantar flexor muscles?

A

calcaneus via achilles tendon

40
Q

name the 2 bones in the foot that are commonly fractures

A

metatarsals and phalanges

Musculoskeletal (37 decks)

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