Social Thinking Quiz 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Social Psychology
A
-The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another
2
Q
Fritz Heider
A
- Attribution Theory
- We explain someone’s behavior by crediting either the situation or the person’s disposition (personality)
- Situational vs. Dispositional attribution
- Ex: Friend doesn’t say hi in the hallway
- Situational: in a hurry, didn’t see you
- Dispositional: personality= mean, rude
3
Q
Fundamental Attribution Error
A
- Overestimate the influence of personality and underestimate the influence of situations
- Ex: Waitress is making mistakes
- Blame her character flaws, when really the waitress is the only one who showed up, busy
- Ex: Waitress is making mistakes
- Ignoring both parts= error
- Especially strong in individualistic Western societies
- Look more towards personality
4
Q
Attitude
A
- Feelings, often influenced by our beliefs, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events
- Believe someone is mean, feel disliked, act unfriendly
5
Q
Attitudes Affecting Actions
A
- As our attitudes toward climate change has shifted, our public policy has followed suit
- 2 ways to effect (bring about) an attitude change
- Central route persuasion
- Peripheral route persuasion
6
Q
Central Route Persuasion
A
- Attitude change path in which interested people focus on the arguments and respond w/ favorable thoughts
- One is analytically involved in something
- Ex: Convince someone climate change is bad by pointing to research/ evidence, and convince someone
7
Q
Peripheral Route Persuasion
A
- Attitude change path in which people are influenced by incidental cues, such as a speaker’s attractiveness
- Not systemic thinking
- Snap judgement based on incidental cues
- Ex: Jonas bothers sing about climate change–> you thinking climate change is bad
8
Q
Central vs. Peripheral
A
- Central:
- More durable
- More likely to influence behavior
9
Q
Actions Affect Attitudes
A
- What we do can impact how we feel
- Ex: power posing
- People can be induced to act against their beliefs, thus affecting their attitude
10
Q
Foot-In-The-Door Phenomenon
A
- Tendency for people who have 1st agreed to a small request to comply later w/ a larger request
- Prisoners of war: running errand–> writing note home–> sending video home
- Surveys: spreading out questions so you keep going
- Samples: more likely to buy when sample first
- In-app-purchases: free app–> purchasing more
11
Q
Door-in-the-face phenomenon
A
- Lead w/ larger request, get denied, ask for something smaller
- Ex: ask parents to stay out all night–> ask for 1 extra hour of curfew
12
Q
Zimbardo
A
- Stanford Prison Experiment
- College students randomly assigned to “prisoners” or “guards”
- Clothing and facility provided
- Ex of how role playing affects mood
13
Q
How did the people behave in Zimbardo’s experiment?
A
- Guards adopted control tactics (sadistic)
- Push ups
- Loss of bedding
- Toilet privileges
- Stripped prisoners
- Prisoners assigned #s
- Lose sense of individuality (easier to commit inhumane acts)
- 36 hours–> prisoner suffers emotional breakdown
- Prisoners tell each other they can’t leave
- Visiting hours
- Parents work w/in system to get their child out
14
Q
Loss of Objectivity
A
- Zimbardo views himself as warden
- Attempts to stop escape w/ real jail
- Manipulates instead of observes
- Loses sight of end goal
- Plan to run for 2 weeks, ended in 6 days
- Only 1 outside observer ever objected (Research assistant)
15
Q
Criticism of Zimbardo Experiment
A
- Zimbardo= too transparent about what he expected
- Told them what to do, too artificial
- Unethical
- Abused people physically and emotionally
