Soc-16 The Structure Of Blood Vessles And Blood Distribution Flashcards
What is the cardio respiratory system
The interaction of the heart and lungs to supply oxygen to muscles during exercise
Define cardiovascular
To do with the heart, blood and blood vessles together
What is Vasodilation
When veins swell up or dilate; widening of the internal diameter (lumen) of the blood vessel to allow increased blood flow
What is vasoconstriction
When veins shrink down; narrowing of the internal diameter (lumen) of the blood vessel to decrease blood flow
What is the systolic reading on your blood pressure
The first reading usually the highest
What is the diastolic number on your blood pressure
The second one, usually smaller
What is vascular shunting
A process that increases blood flow to active areas during exercise by diverting blood away from inactive areas; achieved by vasodilation and vasoconstriction
What is blood pressure
The pressure of the blood against the walls of the blood vessels, especially the arteries
What is the systolic phase of the heart contracting
This is when the chambers of the heart contract after refilling with blood. The blood is pumped from both atria into the ventricles, then the ventricles contract and send deoxegenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary veins while oxegenated blood from the left ventricle goes to the aorta
What is the diastolic phase
When your heart relaxes to let the chambers fill with blood
How do arteries veins and caillaries help during physical activity
During exercise or physical activity the arteries, veins and capillaries work together to supply your muscles with oxygen, they provide oxygenated blood and carry deoxygenated blood away to the heart so it can be oxygenated. This process improves with cardiovascular fitness
What is the importance of the artery
A blood vessel that takes blood away from the heart, they have thicker walls, are more elastic and carry blood which is at a higher pressure than veins
How is the pulmonary artery different
It carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
How can arteries help a performer
They carry oxygenated blood from the heart, they can dialate to allow more blood flow
What is the importance of a vein
It carries deoxygenated blood to the heart, it has thinner walls, is less elastic and carries blood at a lower pressure than arteries. It can also dispose of CO2
How can veins help a performer
They bring deoxygenated blood back to the heart so if can be reoxygenated, it also moves CO2 which prevents the muscles from tiring.
What is the importance of capillaries
They are one cell thick and link arteries with veins. They carry venous blood into the veins and pick up waste products so they can be disposed of
How can capillaries help a performer
Capilleries are important because they are the points where oxygenated blood is delivered to the muscles, and where deoxygenated blood is taken away from the muscles
How do red blood cells help a performer
They carry oxygen which is supplied to the muscles.
What is the importance of white blood cells
Blood contains transparent cells called white blood cells. They produce antibodies to fight against infection and disease.
How do white blood cells affect a performer
If an athlete has a disease they may not be able to train/perform
What are platelets
Tiny fragments that form in the bone marrow that clump together to help blood clot and stop bleeding
